Physical modeling of chemical membrane degradation in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: Influence of pressure, relative humidity and cell voltage

Holistic approach to chemical degradation of Nafion membranes in fuel cells: modelling and predictions

“…On the basis of the degradation mechanisms discussed above several modelling approaches comprising membrane degradation phenomena [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] have been published. The model by Xie and Hayden 29 does not concentrate on the formation of radical species; yet it is possible to distinguish between two possibilities for initiation of PFSA degradation -either at the weak end groups of the main chain or at the side chains.…”

“…An excellent discussion of various degradation phenomena can be found in the reviews by Borup et al, 6 Kusoglu and Weber 7 as well as Zatoń et al 5 Many mechanisms and the corresponding chemical equations [9][10][11][12][13] and kinetic details [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] have been reported. Based on that, several chemical degradation models [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] have been already presented. This knowledge, however, is spread in physically, chemically and technologically oriented context.…”

“…This powerful model allows monitoring and prediction of experimentally accessible data like time traces of chemical species involved 33 and fluoride emission rates (FERs). [35][36][37] Furthermore, we discuss the implications of iron containing ORR catalysts [38][39][40] for membrane degradation and the use of cerium agents [41][42][43][44][45][46][47] as radical scavengers to protect the chemical integrity of the membrane.…”

Rapid degradation characteristics of an air‐cooled PEMFC stack

“…Uneven temperature and humidity distribution have a negative effect on the membrane's durability. Chemical membrane degradation also causes failure of PEMFCs . Fluoride release measurements of exhaust water can be used to detect membrane degradation .…”

“…Chemical membrane degradation also causes failure of PEMFCs. 31 Fluoride release measurements of exhaust water can be used to detect membrane degradation. 32 Inaba et al 33 found that the fluoride ion release rate during the durability test is 0.1 mg/day, proving that the membrane is chemically decomposed.…”