Physicochemical and Antibacterial Properties of Composite Films Based on Bacterial Cellulose and Chitosan for Wound Dressing Materials

Junka

et al. 2021

IJMS

Local administration of antiseptics is required to prevent and fight against biofilm-based infections of chronic wounds. One of the methods used for delivering antiseptics to infected wounds is the application of dressings chemisorbed with antimicrobials. Dressings made of bacterial cellulose (BC) display several features, making them suitable for such a purpose. This work aimed to compare the activity of commonly used antiseptic molecules: octenidine, polyhexanide, povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine, ethacridine lactate, and hypochlorous solutions and to evaluate their usefulness as active substances of BC dressings against 48 bacterial strains (8 species) and 6 yeast strains (1 species). A silver dressing was applied as a control material of proven antimicrobial activity. The methodology applied included the assessment of minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimal biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC), the modified disc-diffusion method, and the modified antibiofilm dressing activity measurement (A.D.A.M.) method. While in 96-well plate-based methods (MIC and MBEC assessment), the highest antimicrobial activity was recorded for chlorhexidine, in the modified disc-diffusion method and in the modified A.D.A.M test, povidone-iodine performed the best. In an in vitro setting simulating chronic wound conditions, BC dressings chemisorbed with polyhexanide, octenidine, or povidone-iodine displayed a similar or even higher antibiofilm activity than the control dressing containing silver molecules. If translated into clinical conditions, the obtained results suggest high applicability of BC dressings chemisorbed with antiseptics to eradicate biofilm from chronic wounds.

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Efficacy of Bacterial Cellulose Dressings Chemisorbed with Antiseptics against Biofilm Formed by Pathogens Isolated from Chronic Wounds

Junka

et al. 2021

IJMS

Microbial Biotechnology

“…These composites presented challenging properties such as good mechanical properties, high moisture‐retaining properties and high antibacterial activity against gram‐negative and gram‐positive bacteria. These qualities make BC/Ch composite a candidate not only to be used as a wound dressing material but also for tissue engineering (Savitskaya et al ., ).…”

Section: Bacterial Cellulose Compositesmentioning

confidence: 97%

Bacterial cellulose: a versatile biopolymer for wound dressing applications

Portela

Leal

Almeida

et al. 2019

434

271

Summary Although several therapeutic approaches are available for wound and burn treatment and much progress has been made in this area, room for improvement still exists, driven by the urgent need of better strategies to accelerate wound healing and recovery, mostly for cases of severe burned patients. Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a biopolymer produced by bacteria with several advantages over vegetal cellulose, such as purity, high porosity, permeability to liquid and gases, elevated water uptake capacity and mechanical robustness. Besides its biocompatibility, BC can be modified in order to acquire antibacterial response and possible local drug delivery features. Due to its intrinsic versatility, BC is the perfect example of a biotechnological response to a clinical problem. In this review, we assess the BC main features and emphasis is given to a specific biomedical application: wound dressings. The production process and the physical–chemical properties that entitle this material to be used as wound dressing namely for burn healing are highlighted. An overview of the most common BC composites and their enhanced properties, in particular physical and biological, is provided, including the different production processes. A particular focus is given to the biochemistry and genetic manipulation of BC. A summary of the current marketed BC‐based wound dressing products is presented, and finally, future perspectives for the usage of BC as wound dressing are foreseen.

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

“…Meanwhile, the decreased Crl of the AuNCs@CNF film is another reason for the reduced tensile strength of the CNF film ( Bian et al, 2019 ). In a reported work, the wound dressings from chitosan-cellulose nanocrystals with tensile strength of 34.9–58.0 MPa ( Naseri et al, 2015 ), bacterial cellulose-chitosan membranes with tensile strength of 10.26 MPa ( Lin et al, 2013 ) and 22.48 MPa ( Savitskaya et al, 2017 ), and cellulose-polymer-Ag nanocomposite with 25.1–39.8 ( Raghavendra et al, 2013 ) were successfully prepared and used as antibacterial wound dressing. Hence, it can be speculated that the prepared AuNCs@CNF films with tensile strength of 43.2–54.1 MPa can also perform the comparative mechanical properties than the other wound dressing materials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling Biocompatible Au Nanoclusters and Cellulose Nanofibrils to Prepare the Antibacterial Nanocomposite Films

Wang

Yin

Dong

et al. 2020

Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) is considered as an inexhaustible precursor to produce antibacterial materials, such as antibacterial hydrogel, antibacterial paper, and antibacterial film. However, the poor antimicrobial property of neat CNF required it should be coupled with an antibacterial ingredient. Herein, biocompatible Au nanoclusters (AuNCs) were synthesized and added into the CNF dispersion to prepare a novel antibacterial film (AuNCs@CNF film). The effects of addition of AuNCs with different amount on the morphology and physicochemical properties of AuNCs@CNF films were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared), light transmittance spectra, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that AuNCs did not affect the nano-structural features of the CNF film and its basic structures, but could greatly increase the hydrophilicity, the flexibility and the thermal stability of CNF film, which might improve its application in antimicrobial wound-healing dressing. The prepared AuNCs@CNF films demonstrated high antibacterial properties toward Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) both in vitro and in vivo, which can prohibit their growths and promote the healing of bacteria-infected wound, respectively. Thus, the prepared AuNCs@CNF film with great antibacterial properties could be applicable in biomedical field.