Physicochemical characterization of two deproteinized bovine xenografts

Abstract

Calcium phosphate salts, or more specifically hydroxyapatite, are products of great interest in the fields of medical and dental science due to their biocompatibility and osteoconduction property. Deproteinized xenografts are primarily constituted of natural apatites, sintered or not. Variations in the industrial process may affect physicochemical properties and, therefore, the biological outcome. The purpose of this work was to characterize the physical and chemical properties of deproteinized xenogenic biomaterials, Bio-Oss (Geistlich Biomaterials, Wolhuser, Switzerland) and Gen-Ox (Baumer S.A., Brazil), widely used as bone grafts. Scanning electron microscopy, infrared region spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and degradation analysis were conducted. The results show that both materials presented porous granules, composed of crystalline hydroxyapatite without apparent presence of other phases. Bio-Oss presented greater dissolution in Tris-HCl than Gen-Ox in the degradation test, possibly due to the low crystallinity and the presence of organic residues. In conclusion, both commercial materials are hydroxyapatite compounds, Bio-Oss being less crystalline than Gen-Ox and, therefore, more prone to degradation.

Alveolar bone regeneration in rats after grafting of anorganic bovine bone and thick synthetic bioceramic

“…31,37 A possible explanation for these findings is that HAs have slow in vivo resorption profiles, 34 and Gen-Ox, although porous, is processed at high temperatures which makes it a crystalline and, as a consequence, little degradable substance. 10 Even though the socket in the control group could be affected by bone remodeling much faster, the effects of particle biomaterial long-term implantation in the socket could result in the maintenance of its original dimensions. 20 It should be emphasized that after 30 days there were no differences between the control and experimental groups in all inflammatory criteria analyzed, thereby proving the biocompatibility of implanted material and confirming that they did not delay the process of bone formation.…”

“…It is a xenograft obtained through deproteinization at high temperatures. 10 It has high contents of calcium and phosphorus, and not only is classified as biocompatible and osteoconductive, but it is also able to act as a scaffold, filling the bone cavity and guiding bone formation. [10][11][12][13] Another biomaterial available is bioceramic, an alloplastic composed by hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (βTCP).…”

Estudo comparativo da neoformação óssea utilizando-se o enxerto autógeno e três substitutos: defeitos ósseos em ratos

“…Os xenoenxertos teriam como uma grande vantagem a maior similaridade com o osso natural -quando analisado seu componente inorgânico (variando sua cristalinidade e morfologia de acordo com o método de preparo) (15) -e poderiam, em tese, manter as características osteoindutoras em seu componente inorgânico (6,9) , que supostamente teria maior potencial imunogênico (3) . Com a associação dos dois componentes, o GenMix ® ou somaria as vantagens dos dois ou teria sua capacidade de osteoindução e/ou sustentação afetadas por essa mistura (6,10,13,16) .…”

<b>Analysis of indicators of osteogenesis, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of an experimental β-TCP compared to other bone substitutes

“…They may present natural or synthetic origin. Concerning the natural-origin materials, there is the hydroxyapatite mineral matrix derived from bovine bone (Accorsi-Mendonça et al, 2008;Liu et al, 2013) in addition to those of synthetic origin, such as hydroxyapatite (HA), beta tri-calcium phosphate Acta Scientiarum. Health Sciences Maringá, v. 39, n. 1, p. 97-105, Jan.-June, 2017…”