Physiological and biochemical responses of hexaploid wheat cultivars to drought stress

Abstract

Wheat is the most important cereal crop; it is staple diet for more than one third of the world population. Wheat production is influenced by several harsh environmental stresses that adversely affect its growth, metabolism and yield. Among them, Drought stress is the main factor limiting the productivity of wheat crop worldwide. Plants experience drought stress either when the water supply to roots becomes difficult or when the transpiration rate becomes very high. These two conditions often coincide under arid and semi-arid climates. Eighty percent area of Pakistan comes under arid and semi-arid region, so wheat productivity is adversely reduced in these areas due to lack of rain fall. Wheat yield under drought stress can be improved by several methods like conventional breeding, genetic transformation and marker assisted selection. For applying any of these methods, a close scans of morphological and physio-biochemical parameters are necessary. In the present study with 92 genotypes, a decrease of 35.57% for relative water content and 23.08% was observed for chlorophyll content in the stressed conditions. And an increase in metabolite level such as sugar (28.86%), SOD (4.53%) and canopy temperature (20.38%) was observed in moisture stress. Various genotypes have been identified which can be used further in plant breeding systems.

The opportunity of using durum wheat landraces to tolerate drought stress: screening morpho-physiological components

“…Maximum SSC increase under severe stressed conditions (25 % FC) was observed in Mahmoudi, Swabaa Aljia and Jneh khotiffa with a sugar content increase about 15-fold [ see Supporting Information—Table S1 ] . These results were in accordance with Chaudhari et al . (2017) who observed that the soluble carbohydrate concentration in well-watered wheat plants was lower than that of stressed plants.…”

“…Our data showed that electrolyte leakage progressively amplified with increasing drought severity. These results are in agreement with a set of previous studies ( Chaudhari et al ., 2017 ). Similar to our results, Hairat and Khurana (2015) and Pour-Aboughadareh et al .…”

Potential of Melia dubia-wheat based agroforestry system to cope up with climate change

“…The decreased values of Canopy temperature depression (CTD) under open conditions might be due to higher rate of transpiration than shaded conditions that leads to water deficit and cause warmer canopy in open conditions. Similar results were also observed by Roohi et al, 2015 andChaudhari et al, 2017 Other physiological parameters such as photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate, decreased significantly in shaded conditions as compared to open conditions. In both environments, high CTD values were found in the intercropped condition.…”

Analysis of molecular variation among diverse background wheat (Triticum aestivum L) genotypes with the help of ISSR markers

“…Similarity index value for all the twenty genotypes ranged from 0.087 to 0.537 and two most closely related and diverse genotype in the twenty wheat genotypes have been observed in the present investigation (Table 4). [9] and Choudhary et al (2017) [6] ; which were in the range of 0.43 to 0.86 in wheat. Cluster analysis of twenty wheat genotypes revealed that all the used genotypes grouped into two major clusters namely A and B.…”