Physiological Roles of Hydrogen Sulfide and Polysulfides

Kimura, Hideo

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-18144-8_3

Cited by 85 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…We therefore kindly refer to two reviews on this theme, one by Hideo Kimura, the other by Jerzy Bełtowski, both published in 2015 [96,97]. Even so, we envisage that in line with to the above-mentioned Gestalt switch, which took place in sulfur protein redox chemistry around 2003, we are probably about to witness a similar revolution in the field of inorganic sulfur biochemistry.…”

Section: What Are Rss?mentioning

confidence: 96%

The Reactive Sulfur Species Concept: 15 Years On

et al. 2017

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Fifteen years ago, in 2001, the concept of “Reactive Sulfur Species” or RSS was advocated as a working hypothesis. Since then various organic as well as inorganic RSS have attracted considerable interest and stimulated many new and often unexpected avenues in research and product development. During this time, it has become apparent that molecules with sulfur-containing functional groups are not just the passive “victims” of oxidative stress or simple conveyors of signals in cells, but can also be stressors in their own right, with pivotal roles in cellular function and homeostasis. Many “exotic” sulfur-based compounds, often of natural origin, have entered the fray in the context of nutrition, ageing, chemoprevention and therapy. In parallel, the field of inorganic RSS has come to the forefront of research, with short-lived yet metabolically important intermediates, such as various sulfur-nitrogen species and polysulfides (Sx2−), playing important roles. Between 2003 and 2005 several breath-taking discoveries emerged characterising unusual sulfur redox states in biology, and since then the truly unique role of sulfur-dependent redox systems has become apparent. Following these discoveries, over the last decade a “hunt” and, more recently, mining for such modifications has begun—and still continues—often in conjunction with new, innovative and complex labelling and analytical methods to capture the (entire) sulfur “redoxome”. A key distinction for RSS is that, unlike oxygen or nitrogen, sulfur not only forms a plethora of specific reactive species, but sulfur also targets itself, as sulfur containing molecules, i.e., peptides, proteins and enzymes, preferentially react with RSS. Not surprisingly, today this sulfur-centred redox signalling and control inside the living cell is a burning issue, which has moved on from the predominantly thiol/disulfide biochemistry of the past to a complex labyrinth of interacting signalling and control pathways which involve various sulfur oxidation states, sulfur species and reactions. RSS are omnipresent and, in some instances, are even considered as the true bearers of redox control, perhaps being more important than the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) or Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) which for decades have dominated the redox field. In other(s) words, in 2017, sulfur redox is “on the rise”, and the idea of RSS resonates throughout the Life Sciences. Still, the RSS story isn’t over yet. Many RSS are at the heart of “mistaken identities” which urgently require clarification and may even provide the foundations for further scientific revolutions in the years to come. In light of these developments, it is therefore the perfect time to revisit the original hypotheses, to select highlights in the field and to question and eventually update our concept of “Reactive Sulfur Species”.

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Section: What Are Rss?mentioning

confidence: 96%

The Reactive Sulfur Species Concept: 15 Years On

et al. 2017

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“…Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is an endogenously synthesized small molecule bioregulator with numerous physiological activities [1,2,3]. For example, H 2 S has been reported to be involved in the etiology of atherosclerosis [4] and cancer [5], regulate transcription via NRF2/KEAP1 [6] or NF-κB[7], control vascular tone [8], inhibit phosphodiesterase activity [9], protect against neurodegenerative diseases [10] and protect from ischemia-reperfusion toxicity [11], just to name a few.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chemical biology of the persulfide (RSSH)/perthiyl (RSS·) redox couple and possible role in biological redox signaling

Bianco

Chavez

Sosa

et al. 2016

Free Radical Biology and Medicine

106

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The recent finding that hydropersulfides (RSSH) are biologically prevalent in mammalian systems has prompted further investigation of their chemical properties in order to provide a basis for understanding their potential functions, if any. Hydropersulfides have been touted as hyper-reactive thiol-like species that possess increased nucleophilicity and reducing capabilities compared to their thiol counterparts. Herein, using persulfide generating model systems, the ability of RSSH species to act as one-electron reductants has been examined. Not unexpectedly, RSSH is relatively easily oxidized, compared to thiols, by weak oxidants to generate the perthiyl radical (RSS·). Somewhat surprisingly, however, RSS· was found to be stable in the presence of both O2 and NO and only appears to dimerize. Thus, the RSSH/RSS· redox couple is readily accessible under biological conditions and since dimerization of RSS· may be a rare event due to low concentrations and/or sequestration within a protein, it is speculated that the general lack of reactivity of individual RSS· species may allow this couple to be utilized as a redox component in biological systems.

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“…Moreover, taking into account the ability of H 2 S-releasing donors to reduce the cellular oxidative damages [48], the effect of PFM+GaOS on cell growth in the presence of 100 μM H 2 O 2 in the cell culture medium was also here assessed. After 24 h of cell growth in the presence of 100 μM H 2 O 2 , we observed a decrease of about 68% of the cell viability in the presence of neat PFM (as control), while only about a 27% of decrease occurred in the presence of PFM+GaOS (Figure 5c).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This property was likely due to the ability of the H 2 S to reduce the inflammatory response and the oxidative damage, and to stimulate the angiogenesis [49]. Therefore, H 2 S-releasing mats, like the H 2 S-releasing molecules [48,50,51], may promptly scavenge hydrogen peroxide, increasing pro-cell survival signaling and, at the same time, decreasing pro-apoptotic signaling. The protective effect of the H 2 S-releasing PFM from oxidative damage, which was observed in the non-direct growth on the membranes, opens new perspectives in their application as biomedical devices that could be used inside or outside the body, such as non-implantable devices/patches for wound dressing, implantable material like vascular grafts, heart valves and implants for reducing the ischemic damages and improving the patient health and medical conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen Sulfide-Releasing Fibrous Membranes: Potential Patches for Stimulating Human Stem Cells Proliferation and Viability under Oxidative Stress

Cacciotti

Ciocci

Giovanni

et al. 2018

IJMS

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The design of biomaterial platforms able to release bioactive molecules is mandatory in tissue repair and regenerative medicine. In this context, electrospinning is a user-friendly, versatile and low-cost technique, able to process different kinds of materials in micro- and nano-fibers with a large surface area-to-volume ratio for an optimal release of gaseous signaling molecules. Recently, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of the endogenous gasotramsmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as well as its ability to stimulate relevant biochemical processes on the growth of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), have been investigated. Therefore, in this work, new poly(lactic) acid fibrous membranes (PFM), doped and functionalized with H2S slow-releasing donors extracted from garlic, were synthetized. These innovative H2S-releasing mats were characterized for their morphological, thermal, mechanical, and biological properties. Their antimicrobial activity and effects on the in vitro human cardiac MSC growth, either in the presence or in the absence of oxidative stress, were here assessed. On the basis of the results here presented, these new H2S-releasing PFM could represent promising and low-cost scaffolds or patches for biomedical applications in tissue repair.

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Physiological Roles of Hydrogen Sulfide and Polysulfides

Cited by 85 publications

References 91 publications

The Reactive Sulfur Species Concept: 15 Years On

The Reactive Sulfur Species Concept: 15 Years On

The chemical biology of the persulfide (RSSH)/perthiyl (RSS·) redox couple and possible role in biological redox signaling

Hydrogen Sulfide-Releasing Fibrous Membranes: Potential Patches for Stimulating Human Stem Cells Proliferation and Viability under Oxidative Stress

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