Physiological roles of plant glycoside hydrolases

Minić, Zoran

doi:10.1007/s00425-007-0668-y

Cited by 287 publications

(260 citation statements)

References 195 publications

(206 reference statements)

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“…Showalter, (1993 found that several proteins and enzymes are involved in the metabolic regulation and structural regulation of various cell-wall polymers. These enzymes include plant glycoside hydrolases, which perform numerous important functions in cell wall metabolism, mobilization of storage reserves, plant defence, signalling, and reorganization of glycans (Minic, 2008).…”

Section: Biochemical Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of antioxidants in rice callus (Oryza sativa L.) induced by β-glucan and salt stress

Alhasnawi¹,

Zain²,

Kadhimi³

et al. 2017

Aust J Crop Sci

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Salinity stress causes a considerable reduction in callus growth. Mushroom polysaccharides (β-glucan) are the most promising groups of antioxidant compounds. An in vitro experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential function of exogenously applied β-glucan in alleviating the accumulation of antioxidants in rice callus. In this study, morphological, chemical, and biochemical parameters of an embryogenic callus of the rice variety, MR269, were investigated under 200mM NaCl stress conditions after pre-treatment with (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mg/L) β-glucan in culture media. The present study sought to evaluate chemical, biochemical, and callus growth characterization. The results revealed that callus exposed to stressful media exhibited a significant decrease in callus growth and contents of K + and Ca +2. In addition, significant accumulation of Na + and Na + /K + was found, as well as an enhanced enzymatic antioxidant system and elevated proline activities under NaCl conditions. Furthermore, exogenous addition of β-glucan at 0.5-1.5mg/L under NaCl stress induced a pronounced, significant increase of callus growth, K + and Ca +2 contents, and enzymatic antioxidant and proline activities. In contrast, a significant decrease was found in the levels of Na + and Na + /K + , particularly in callus treated with NaCl. β-Glucan ameliorates the adverse effects of NaCl stress, and the extent of amelioration depends on the type of β-glucan agent as well as treatment duration (three months). The changes mentioned are important for determining the morphological, chemical, and biochemical parameters of salinity tolerance in callus. This study demonstrated that exogenous β-glucan exhibits alleviation of the harmful effects of salt stress and increases salinity resistance in callus rice.

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Section: Biochemical Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of antioxidants in rice callus (Oryza sativa L.) induced by β-glucan and salt stress

Alhasnawi¹,

Zain²,

Kadhimi³

et al. 2017

Aust J Crop Sci

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“…By labeling apoplastic proteomes, we detected the active state of four putative bi-functional ␣-L-arabinofuranosidase/␤-D-xylosidases, two putative ␤-D-xylosidases, five putative ␤-D-glucosidases, two putative ␤-D-galactosidases, one putative heparanase, one putative ␤-D-glucanase, and one putative ␣-L-arabinofuranosidase. Glycosidases with these substratehydrolyzing activities process the major cell wall polysaccharides, including glucan, xylan, arabinoxylan, galactan, and arabinan, during cell wall assembly and reorganization (9). Thus glycosidase profiling reveals the active state of glycosidases that likely play a role in cell wall remodeling.…”

Section: Jjb Probes Label a Second Layer Of Glycosidasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genetic, molecular, and biochemical approaches revealed that glycosidases are localized in different cellular compartments and are important for various biological processes. The majority of plant glycosidases reside in the cell wall, and these enzymes can play major roles in cell wall restructuring (9). Other characterized glycosidases reside in other compartments to regulate glycosylation of proteins and hormones.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Broad-range Glycosidase Activity Profiling

Chandrasekar

Colby²,

Emon

et al. 2014

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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Plants produce hundreds of glycosidases. Despite their importance in cell wall (re)modeling, protein and lipid modification, and metabolite conversion, very little is known of this large class of glycolytic enzymes, partly because of their post-translational regulation and their elusive substrates. Here, we applied activity-based glycosidase profiling using cell-permeable small molecular probes that react covalently with the active site nucleophile of retaining glycosidases in an activity-dependent manner. Using mass spectrometry we detected the active state of dozens of myrosinases, glucosidases, xylosidases, and galactosidases representing seven different retaining glycosidase families. The method is simple and applicable for different organs and different plant species, in living cells and in subproteomes. We display the active state of previously uncharacterized glycosidases, one of which was encoded by a previously declared pseudogene. Interestingly, glycosidase activity profiling also revealed the active state of a diverse range of putative xylosidases, galactosidases, glucanases, and heparanase in the cell wall of Nicotiana benthamiana. Our data illustrate that this powerful approach displays a new and important layer of functional proteomic information on the active state of glycosidases. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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“…Genetic and biochemical approaches are at present uncovering the individual enzymes responsible for building these macromolecules, and models of coordinated supramolecular assembly at the plasma membrane continue to evolve (Geisler et al, 2008;Liepman et al, 2010). Lastly, there is a growing interest in the roles of endogenous glycoside hydrolases in primary plant cell wall remodeling (Vicente et al, 2007;Lopez-Casado et al, 2008;Minic, 2008). Nonetheless, we are far from having a holistic model of cell wall development for even a single wall or tissue type (Somerville et al, 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

Group III-AXTHGenes of Arabidopsis Encode Predominant Xyloglucan Endohydrolases That Are Dispensable for Normal Growth

et al. 2012

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The molecular basis of primary wall extension endures as one of the central enigmas in plant cell morphogenesis. Classical cell wall models suggest that xyloglucan endo-transglycosylase activity is the primary catalyst (together with expansins) of controlled cell wall loosening through the transient cleavage and religation of xyloglucan-cellulose cross links. The genome of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) contains 33 phylogenetically diverse XYLOGLUCAN ENDO-TRANSGLYCOSYLASE/ HYDROLASE (XTH) gene products, two of which were predicted to be predominant xyloglucan endohydrolases due to clustering into group III-A. Enzyme kinetic analysis of recombinant AtXTH31 confirmed this prediction and indicated that this enzyme had similar catalytic properties to the nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus) xyloglucanase1 responsible for storage xyloglucan hydrolysis during germination. Global analysis of Genevestigator data indicated that AtXTH31 and the paralogous AtXTH32 were abundantly expressed in expanding tissues. Microscopy analysis, utilizing the resorufin b-glycoside of the xyloglucan oligosaccharide XXXG as an in situ probe, indicated significant xyloglucan endohydrolase activity in specific regions of both roots and hypocotyls, in good correlation with transcriptomic data. Moreover, this hydrolytic activity was essentially completely eliminated in AtXTH31/AtXTH32 double knockout lines. However, single and double knockout lines, as well as individual overexpressing lines, of AtXTH31 and AtXTH32 did not demonstrate significant growth or developmental phenotypes. These results suggest that although xyloglucan polysaccharide hydrolysis occurs in parallel with primary wall expansion, morphological effects are subtle or may be compensated by other mechanisms. We hypothesize that there is likely to be an interplay between these xyloglucan endohydrolases and recently discovered apoplastic exo-glycosidases in the hydrolytic modification of matrix xyloglucans.

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Physiological roles of plant glycoside hydrolases

Cited by 287 publications

References 195 publications

Accumulation of antioxidants in rice callus (Oryza sativa L.) induced by β-glucan and salt stress

Accumulation of antioxidants in rice callus (Oryza sativa L.) induced by β-glucan and salt stress

Broad-range Glycosidase Activity Profiling

Group III-AXTHGenes of Arabidopsis Encode Predominant Xyloglucan Endohydrolases That Are Dispensable for Normal Growth

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