Picosecond streak camera fluorometry - A review

Campillo, A. J.; Shapiro, S. L.

doi:10.1109/jqe.1983.1071909

Cited by 47 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…When comparing the present state of the art with the excellent review of Campillo and Shapiro (1983) the most striking developments are the utilization of the horizontal dimension, in particular using a spectrograph, and the improvement of the data analysis methods. The collection and analysis of true spectrotemporal measurements with (sub)ps time resolution using low excitation intensities have become routine, and the promises of the technique have largely been fulfi lled.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transit time spread is mainly generated in the region near the photocathode where the electrons still have a relatively low speed (Zavoiski and Fanchenko, 1965;Bradley and New, 1974;Campillo and Shapiro, 1983). The resulting distribution of transit times has a half width of…”

Section: Time Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two decades ago Campillo and Shapiro (1983) wrote an excellent review on the history and possibilities of the streak camera, including its application to photosynthesis. Measurements were performed without wavelength dispersion and only in a few cases several wavelengths were probed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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(Sub)-Picosecond Spectral Evolution of Fluorescence Studied with a Synchroscan Streak-Camera System and Target Analysis

Stokkum

Oort

Mourik

et al. 2008

Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Time Resolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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(Sub)-Picosecond Spectral Evolution of Fluorescence Studied with a Synchroscan Streak-Camera System and Target Analysis

Stokkum

Oort

Mourik

et al. 2008

Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration

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“…Other sensors that use a coherent phase relation between the illumination and the detected light, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) [Huang et al 1991], coherent LiDAR [Xia and Zhang 2009], light-in-flight holography [Abramson 1978], or white light interferometry [Wyant 2002], achieve femtosecond resolutions; however, they require light to maintain coherence (i.e., wave interference effects) during light transport, and are therefore unsuitable for indirect illumination, in which diffuse reflections remove coherence from the light. Simple streak sensors capture incoherent light at picosecond to nanosecond speeds, but are limited to a line or low resolution (20 × 20) square field of view [Campillo and Shapiro 1987;Itatani et al 2002;Shiraga et al 1995;Gelbart et al 2002;Kodama et al 1999;Qu et al 2006]. They have also been used as line scanning devices for image transmission through highly scattering turbid media, by recording the ballistic photons, which travel a straight path through the scatterer and thus arrive first on the sensor [Hebden 1993].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femto-photography

Velten¹,

Jarabo

et al. 2013

ACM Trans. Graph.

176

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Figure 1: What does the world look like at the speed of light? Our new computational photography technique allows us to visualize light in ultra-slow motion, as it travels and interacts with objects in table-top scenes. We capture photons with an effective temporal resolution of less than 2 picoseconds per frame. Top row, left: a false color, single streak image from our sensor. Middle: time lapse visualization of the bottle scene, as directly reconstructed from sensor data. Right: time-unwarped visualization, taking into account the fact that the speed of light can no longer be considered infinite (see the main text for details). Bottom row: original scene through which a laser pulse propagates, followed by different frames of the complete reconstructed video. For this and other results in the paper, we refer the reader to the video included in the supplementary material. AbstractWe present femto-photography, a novel imaging technique to capture and visualize the propagation of light. With an effective exposure time of 1.85 picoseconds (ps) per frame, we reconstruct movies of ultrafast events at an equivalent resolution of about one half trillion frames per second. Because cameras with this shutter speed do not exist, we re-purpose modern imaging hardware to record an ensemble average of repeatable events that are synchronized to a streak sensor, in which the time of arrival of light from the scene is coded in one of the sensor's spatial dimensions. We introduce reconstruction methods that allow us to visualize the propagation of femtosecond light pulses through macroscopic scenes; at such fast resolution, we must consider the notion of time-unwarping between the camera's and the world's space-time coordinate systems to take into account effects associated with the finite speed of light. We apply our femto-photography technique to visualizations of very different scenes, which allow us to observe the rich dynamics of time-resolved light transport effects, including scattering, specular reflections, diffuse interreflections, diffraction, caustics, and subsurface scattering. Our work has potential applications in artistic, educational, and scientific visualizations; industrial imaging to analyze material properties; and medical imaging to reconstruct subsurface elements. In addition, our time-resolved technique may motivate new forms of computational photography.

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“…Streak cameras are ultrafast photonic recorders which deposit photons across a spatial dimension, rather than integrating them in a single pixel. Picosecond streak cameras have been available for decades [20].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%