Pigmentation in the developing seed coat and seedling leaves of Brassica carinata is controlled at the dihydroflavonol reductase locus

Marles, M.A.S.; Gruber, Margaret Y.; Scoles, G. J.; Muir, Alister D.

doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00488-0

Cited by 61 publications

(48 citation statements)

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“…On the contrary, no anthocyanins were detected. This corroborates previous data obtained with mature seeds of Brassica species (Leung et al 1979;Naczk et al 1994Naczk et al , 2000Marles et al 2003a;Marles and Gruber 2004). To date, seed coat flavonoids are still poorly characterized in rapeseed due to the difficulties of pigment extraction from the mature seed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…PA accumulation was restricted to the seed coat, as previously shown for B. carinata (Marles et al 2003a), and primarily to the innermost cell layer of the inner integument, called the endothelium layer (ii1), as revealed by DMACA-staining of seed sections. PAs also accumulate in the pigment strand cell layers within the chalaza region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…To our knowledge, less is known about the time-course of PA accumulation in rapeseed since most of the studies were conducted with mature seeds only (Naczk et al 2000;Marles et al 2003a;Marles and Gruber 2004). Here, we provided qualitative data about the PA accumulation pattern during seed development in B. napus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The promoter of the Arabidopsis thaliana BAN gene is active in proanthocyanidin-accumulating cells of the Brassica napus seed coat

et al. 2009

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As part of an ongoing research program dedicated to the understanding of proanthocyanidin (PA) accumulation in Brassica napus seed coat, transgenic rapeseed plants carrying a 2.3-kb fragment of the Arabidopsis thaliana BAN promoter (ProAtBAN) fused to the uidA reporter gene (GUS) were generated. Analysis of these plants revealed that ProAtBAN was activated in B. napus seed coat, following a spatio-temporal pattern that was very similar to the PA deposition profile in rapeseed and also to the one previously described in Arabidopsis. ProAtBAN activity occurred as soon as the early stages of embryogenesis and was restricted to the cells where PAs were shown to accumulate. Therefore, the Arabidopsis BAN promoter can be used to trigger gene expression in B. napus seed coat for both genetic engineering and functional validation of candidate genes. In addition, these data strongly suggest that the transcriptional regulatory network of the BAN gene is conserved between Arabidopsis and rapeseed. This is consistent with the fact that similarity searches of the public rapeseed sequence databases allowed recovering the rapeseed homologs for several BAN regulators, namely TT1, TT2, TT8, TT16 and TTG1, which have been previously described in Arabidopsis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

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The promoter of the Arabidopsis thaliana BAN gene is active in proanthocyanidin-accumulating cells of the Brassica napus seed coat

et al. 2009

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“…Extensive chemical analysis of other black seeded B. napus lines (Durkee 1971;Leung et al 1979;Mitaru et al 1982;Naczk et al 1998) and elucidation of flavonoid biochemistry in general (Marles et al 2003a;Marles and Gruber 2004) have provided a sound basis to apply metabolite profiling to probe the genetic causes of yellow seed trait. For example, Marles et al (2003b) compared a yellowseeded and a brown-seeded type found in a seed lot of Brassica carinata (BB CC genome) after selfing the lines and showed that the yellow seed had lower levels of DFR expression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in the seed coat of yellow-seeded, canola qualityBrassica napusYN01-429 is constrained at the committed step catalyzed by dihydroflavonol 4-reductaseThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in a Special Issue from the National Research Council of Canada – Plant Biotechnology Institute.

Akhov

Ashe

Tan

et al. 2009

Botany

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Proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in the seed coat of yellow-seeded, canola quality Brassica napus YN01-429 is constrained at the committed step catalyzed by dihydroflavonol 4-reductase Akhov, Leonid; Ashe, Paula; Tan, Yifang; Datla, Raju; Selvaraj, Gopalan Proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in the seed coat of yellow-seeded, canola quality Brassica napus YN01-429 is constrained at the committed step catalyzed by dihydroflavonol 4-reductase 1 Leonid Akhov, Paula Ashe, Yifang Tan, Raju Datla, and Gopalan Selvaraj Abstract: The yellow seed characteristic in Brassica napus L. is desirable because of its association with higher oil content and better quality of oil-extracted meal. YN01-429 is a yellow-seeded canola-quality germplasm developed in Canada arising from several years of research. Seed-coat pigmentation is due to oxidized proanthocyanidins (PA; condensed tannins) derived from phenylpropanoids and malonyl CoA. We found PA accumulation to be most robust in young seed coats (20 d post anthesis; dpa) of a related black-seeded line N89-53 and only very little PA in YN01-429, which also contained much less extractable phenolics. The flavonol content, however, did not show as great a difference between these two lines. Furthermore, sinapine, a product of the general phenylpropanoid metabolism, was present at comparable levels in the embryos of both lines. Dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR) activity that commits phenolics to PA synthesis was lower in YN01-429 seed coats. The results of Southern blot and in silico analyses were indicative of two copies of the DFR gene in B. napus. Both copies were functional in YN01-429, ruling out homeoallelic repression or silencing, but together they showed very low expression levels (17-fold fewer transcripts) relative to DFR activity in N89-53 seed coats. These results collectively suggest that YN01-429 differs in regulatory circuits that impact the PA synthesis branch much more than the flavonol synthesis branch in the seed coats and such circuits do not impinge upon general phenylpropanoid metabolism in the embryos.Key words: condensed tannin, dihydroflavonol reductase, flavonoids, oilseed rape, rapeseed, transparent testa. Résumé :Le jaune caractéristique des grains du Brassica napus L. est désirable, compte tenu de son association avec une haute teneur en huile et une meilleure qualité de la farine extraite de l'huile. Le YN01-429 constitue un germplasme à graine jaune de qualité canola résultant de plusieurs années de recherches. La pigmentation des téguments est attribuéeà des proanthocyanidines oxydées (PA; tannins condensés) dérivées de phénylpropanoïdes et du CoA du malonyl. Les auteurs ont trouvé une plus forte accumulation de PA chez les jeunes téguments (20 jours après l'anthèse; dpa) d'une lignée apparentéeà grains noirs N89-53 et très peu de PA chez la lignée YN01-429 qui contient à la fois beaucoup moins de phénols extractibles. Cependant, la teneur en flavonols ne montre pas autant de différences entre ces deux lignées. De plus, la sinapine, un produit du métabolisme géné...

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“…Following isomerization and hydroxylation by flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), intermediates are reduced by dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR; Marles et al, 2003). Anthocyanin synthase (ANS) then catalyzes the last common step in the biosynthesis of anthocyanins and PAs.…”

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confidence: 99%

The MYB182 Protein Down-Regulates Proanthocyanidin and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Poplar by Repressing Both Structural and Regulatory Flavonoid Genes

2015

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Trees in the genus Populus (poplar) contain phenolic secondary metabolites including the proanthocyanidins (PAs), which help to adapt these widespread trees to diverse environments. The transcriptional activation of PA biosynthesis in response to herbivory and ultraviolet light stress has been documented in poplar leaves, and a regulator of this process, the R2R3-MYB transcription factor MYB134, has been identified. MYB134-overexpressing transgenic plants show a strong high-PA phenotype. Analysis of these transgenic plants suggested the involvement of additional MYB transcription factors, including repressor-like MYB factors. Here, MYB182, a subgroup 4 MYB factor, was found to act as a negative regulator of the flavonoid pathway. Overexpression of MYB182 in hairy root culture and whole poplar plants led to reduced PA and anthocyanin levels as well as a reduction in the expression of key flavonoid genes. Similarly, a reduced accumulation of transcripts of a MYB PA activator and a basic helix-loop-helix cofactor was observed in MYB182-overexpressing hairy roots. Transient promoter activation assays in poplar cell culture demonstrated that MYB182 can disrupt transcriptional activation by MYB134 and that the basic helix-loop-helix-binding motif of MYB182 was essential for repression. Microarray analysis of transgenic plants demonstrated that down-regulated targets of MYB182 also include shikimate pathway genes. This work shows that MYB182 plays an important role in the fine-tuning of MYB134-mediated flavonoid metabolism.

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Pigmentation in the developing seed coat and seedling leaves of Brassica carinata is controlled at the dihydroflavonol reductase locus

Cited by 61 publications

References 33 publications

The promoter of the Arabidopsis thaliana BAN gene is active in proanthocyanidin-accumulating cells of the Brassica napus seed coat

The promoter of the Arabidopsis thaliana BAN gene is active in proanthocyanidin-accumulating cells of the Brassica napus seed coat

The MYB182 Protein Down-Regulates Proanthocyanidin and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Poplar by Repressing Both Structural and Regulatory Flavonoid Genes

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