Pilot study of parathyroid glands in adult and pediatric subjects exposed to ionizing radiation after the ChNPP accident, methodology of parathyroid diagnostic ultrasound

Kaminskyi, Oleksii; Kopylova, Olga; Afanasyev, D E; Mazurenko, Olga; Berezovskyi, S Ya

doi:10.33145/2304-8336-2017-22-382-394

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…Otherwise, barium-131 may also have accumulated in parathyroid, a pair of small but important endocrine glands on both sides of the thyroid that synthesize parathyroid hormone regulating mainly phosphoric calcium metabolism. Parathyroid glands have been reported to accumulate isotopes of cesium, strontium, and iodine [ 34 ]. However, the small organ size in mice does not allow for measuring the activity in tissue samples of the parathyroid separately.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Insights in Barium-131 as a Diagnostic Match for Radium-223: Cyclotron Production, Separation, Radiolabeling, and Imaging

et al. 2020

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Barium-131 is a single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)-compatible radionuclide for nuclear medicine and a promising diagnostic match for radium-223/-224. Herein, we report on the sufficient production route 133Cs(p,3n)131Ba by using 27.5 MeV proton beams. An average of 190 MBq barium-131 per irradiation was obtained. The SR Resin-based purification process led to barium-131 in high radiochemical purity. An isotopic impurity of 0.01% barium-133 was detectable. For the first time, radiolabeling of the ligand macropa with barium-131 was performed. Radiolabeling methods under mild conditions and reaction controls based on TLC systems were successfully applied. Small animal SPECT/ computed tomography (CT) measurements and biodistribution studies were performed using [131Ba]Ba(NO3)2 as reference and 131Ba-labeled macropa in healthy mice for the first time. Biodistribution studies revealed the expected rapid bone uptake of [131Ba]Ba2+, whereas 131Ba-labeled macropa showed a fast clearance from the blood, thereby showing a significantly (p < 0.001) lower accumulation in the bone. We conclude that barium-131 is a promising SPECT radionuclide and delivers appropriate imaging qualities in small animals. Furthermore, the relative stability of the 131Ba-labeled macropa complex in vivo forms the basis for the development of sufficient new chelators, especially for radium isotopes. Thereby, barium-131 will attain its goal as a diagnostic match to the alpha emitters radium-223 and radium-224.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Insights in Barium-131 as a Diagnostic Match for Radium-223: Cyclotron Production, Separation, Radiolabeling, and Imaging

et al. 2020

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Coexistent papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosed in surgically treated patients for primary versus secondary hyperparathyroidism: same incidence, different characteristics

et al. 2019

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Background The coexistence of hyperparathyroidism and thyroid cancer presents important diagnostic and management challenges. With minimally invasive parathyroid surgery trending, preoperative thyroid imaging becomes more important as concomitant thyroid and parathyroid lesions are reported. The aim of the study was to evaluate the rate of thyroid cancer in patients operated for either primary (PHPT) or secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). Methods Our retrospective study included PHPT and SHPT patients submitted to parathyroidectomy and, when indicated, concomitant thyroid surgery between 2010 and 2017. Results Parathyroidectomy was performed in 217 patients: 140 (64.5%) for PHPT and 77 (35.5%) for SHPT. Concomitant thyroid surgery was performed in 75 patients with PHPT (53.6%), and 19 papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) were found, accounting for 13.6% from all cases with PHPT and 25.3% from PHPT cases with concomitant thyroid surgery. Thirty-one of operated SHPT patients (40.3%) also underwent thyroid surgery and 9 PTC cases were diagnosed (11.7% of all SHPT patients and 29% of patients with concomitant thyroid surgery). We found differences between PHPT and SHPT patients ( p < 0.001) with respect to age (54.6 ± 13y versus 48.8 ± 12y), female-to-male ratio (8:1 versus ~ 1:1), surgical technique (single gland parathyroidectomy in 82.8% PHPT cases; versus subtotal parathyroidectomy in 85.7% SHPT cases) and presurgical PTH (357.51 ± 38.11 pg/ml versus 1020 ± 161.38 pg/ml). Morphopathological particularities, TNM classification and multifocality incidence of PTC were similar in the two groups. All PTC from patients with SHPT were thyroid microcarcinomas (TMC, i.e. tumors with a diameter smaller than 1 cm), whereas seven out of the 19 cases with PTC and PHPT were larger than 1 cm. Conclusions PTC was frequently and similarly associated with both PHPT and SHPT irrespective of presurgical PTH levels. Thyroid tumors above 1 cm were found only in patients with PHPT. Investigators should focus also on associated thyroid nodular pathology in patients with PHPT.

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Clinical-Metabolic and Hormonal Relationships Between Parathyroid Disease and Other Non-Cancerous Endocrine Disorders in the Chornobyl NPP Accident Survivors

Kaminskyi¹,

Kopylova²,

Afanasyev³

et al. 2021

Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol

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Objective: to investigate the clinical, hormonal-metabolic and structural features of parathyroid injuries in survivors exposed to ionizing radiation after the Chornobyl NPP accident in adulthood and childhood, both with their connections to other non-cancerous endocrine disorders, and to establish the respective interhormonal and dysmetabolic relationships. Materials and methods. Clinical effects of ionizing radiation on the endocrine system in persons affected by the Chornobyl NPP accident (n = 224) and their descendants (n = 146), compared with the general population sample (n = 70) were the study object. All patients underwent the ultrasound thyroid and parathyroid examination. The generally recognized clinical, anthropometric (body weight, height, thigh volume, body mass index), instrumental (ultrasound examination of thyroid and parathyroid glands), laboratory (biochemical, hormonal), and statistical methods were applied. Parametric and nonparametric statistical methods were used in data processing. The value of p < 0.05 was considered a statistically significant. Results. No significant difference was found in the incidence of carbohydrate metabolic disorders in the Chornobyl NPP (ChNPP) accident consequences clean-up workers (ACCUW), evacuees from the NPP 30-km exclusion zone, residents of radiologically contaminated areas and in the control group in whom the parathyroid hyperplasia was detected. There was a significant increase in the incidence of arterial hypertension among ACCUW who had parathyroid hyperplasia (76.9%) vs. the control group (51.2%). In cases of parathyoid hyperplasia the vitamin D levels were significantly lower than without it. Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency was found in 94% of the surveyed subjects. The average level of parathyroid hormone in blood serum was significantly higher in the ACCUW of «iodine» period with diagnosed parathyroid hyperplasia than in the control group: (57.2 ± 2.87) pg / ml against (32.74 ± 3.58) pg / ml, p < 0.05. Results of multivariative analysis indicated a strong association of vitamin 25(OH)D insufficiency/deficiency with development of thyroid disease, carbohydrate metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, osteopenia/osteoporosis. parathyroid ultrasound scan was at that an effective diagnostic method for primary screening for parathyroid hyperplasia and regular monitoring of the treatment efficiency. When examining children born to parents irradiated after the ChNPPA the parathyroid hyperplasia (58%) and low serum content of vitamin D (11.6 ± 3.5) nmol / l were most often found in children living on radiologically contaminated territories (RCT). A strong correlation was established between the HOMA insulin resistance index and serum content of vitamin D (r = 0.65), parathyroid hormone (r = 0.60), and free thyroxine (r = 0.68) in the group of children born to parents irradiated after the ChNPPA, having got chronic autoimmune thyroiditis, which indicated a relationship between thyroid function, impaired carbohydrate and fat metabolism and the state of parathyroids. Conclusions. No difference in the incidence of carbohydrate metabolic disorders was found in the ChNPP ACCUW, evacuees from the 30-km exclusion zone, and residents of radiologically contaminated territories in whom parathyroid hyperplasia was detected vs. the control group. Patients with parathyroid hyperplasia were found to be defi cient in vitamin D in 94% of cases, and level of latter was significantly lower than under the normal parathyroid size. There was a significant increase in the incidence of diagnosed arterial hypertension among ACCUW who had parathyroid hyperplasia vs. the control group: (76.9 ± 3.5)% vs. (51.2 ± 3.7)%. According to multivariate analysis a strong association between the vitamin 25(OH)D insufficiency/deficiency and development of thyroid disease, carbohydrate metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, and osteopenia/osteoporosis was established. The average level of parathyroid hormone in the blood serum of the ChNPP ACCUW of the «iodine» period with diagnosed parathyroid hyperplasia was significantly higher (57.2 ± 2.87) pg / ml against (32.74 ± 3.58) pg / ml; p <0,05) in the control group. Key words: ChNPP accident, irradiation, accident survivors, accident consequences clean-up workers, ionizing radiation, parathyroids, hyperplasia, hyperparathyroidism, thyroid.

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Pilot study of parathyroid glands in adult and pediatric subjects exposed to ionizing radiation after the ChNPP accident, methodology of parathyroid diagnostic ultrasound

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Recent Insights in Barium-131 as a Diagnostic Match for Radium-223: Cyclotron Production, Separation, Radiolabeling, and Imaging

Recent Insights in Barium-131 as a Diagnostic Match for Radium-223: Cyclotron Production, Separation, Radiolabeling, and Imaging

Coexistent papillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosed in surgically treated patients for primary versus secondary hyperparathyroidism: same incidence, different characteristics

Clinical-Metabolic and Hormonal Relationships Between Parathyroid Disease and Other Non-Cancerous Endocrine Disorders in the Chornobyl NPP Accident Survivors

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