Pilot study of seawater nanofiltration softening technology based on integrated membrane system

Integrated Valorization of Desalination Brine through NaOH Recovery: Opportunities and Challenges

“…Multiple factors can influence the efficiency of NF systems, including the operating conditions and membrane configuration. Like most membrane‐based processes, NF can be operated at different pressures, temperatures, flowrates, and concentrations, which can all affect the energy efficiency and consumption of the process . Additionally, NF has different configurations, such as flat sheet, spiral‐wound, or hollow fiber .…”

Integrated Valorization of Desalination Brine through NaOH Recovery: Opportunities and Challenges

“…A common method of removing Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ through precipitation is the use of sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 )a nd NaOH to produce calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 )a nd magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH) 2 )salts,which can remove up to 96 and 99 %o fc alcium and magnesium ions,r espectively,f rom the NF permeate. [22][23][24] Additionally,N Fh as different configurations,such as flat sheet, spiral-wound, [25,26] or hollow fiber. Alternatively,insearch of effective methods to eliminate divalent ions,r ecent work on cross-linked layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte nanofiltration hollow fiber membranes by Liu et al [16] and Labban et al [17] has demonstrated the selective rejection of multivalent ions at exceedingly low pressures, showing that advanced NF membranes may be useful for removing scalants from the feed stream without the precipitation step.A dditionally,c arbon nanotube composite and graphene oxide-incorporated polymeric membranes have been shown to exhibit greater mechanical stability and ability to purify water.…”

“…Like most membrane-based processes,NFcan be operated at different pressures,t emperatures,f lowrates, and concentrations,which can all affect the energy efficiency and consumption of the process. [22][23][24] Additionally,N Fh as different configurations,such as flat sheet, spiral-wound, [25,26] or hollow fiber. [27] While all three configurations have been implemented at the lab-scale,the spiral-wound configuration is the most prevalent in industrial settings.Reig et al studied the reliability of al ab-scale flat sheet configuration to approximate the results of an industrial-scale spiral-wound configuration.…”

Prediction of The Chromium (III) Separation From Acidic Salt Solutions On Nanofiltration Membranes Using Donnan And Steric Partitioning Pore (DSP) Model

“…Nanofiltration membranes can be successfully applied for treatment of both surface and underground waters [1][2][3][4] and industrial wastewaters [5][6][7][8]. According to the literature data [5,7,8] and our own investigations [6,9], one of the most important and interesting research area of nanofiltration is separation of chromium (III) from acidic salt solutions.…”