Pilot test of new roadside survey methodology for impaired driving

Lacey, J H; Kelley-Baker, Tara; Furr‐Holden, Debra; Brainard, Katharine; Moore, Christine

doi:10.1037/e424162008-001

Cited by 16 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…When marijuana is found in drivers, however, it is often in conjunction with alcohol, where an impairing effect is more likely. The most prevalent drug detected in the pilot study was marijuana (Lacey et al, 2007). There appeared to be a strong positive correlation between the oral fluid and blood tests, and the only discrepancies found in the pilot study (negative oral fluid and a positive blood) were from 10 cases in which the inactive metabolites were detected in blood but not the active tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).…”

Section: Selection Of Drugs For Screening and Analysismentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Findings above 100 percent are due to slight variations in the amount of the substances actually added to the scientific control samples (scientific error). For a more thorough discussion of the Quantisal device, see the pilot study report (Lacey et al, 2007).…”

Section: Oral Fluid Collection Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In 2005, NHTSA conducted a pilot study as a precursor to this full decennial 2007 NRS (Lacey et al, 2007). The primary objective of the pilot study was to determine whether it was feasible to collect data for drugs other than alcohol through oral fluid and blood samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Drug Results

Lacey¹,

Kelley-Baker²,

Furr‐Holden³

et al. 2009

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Amy Berning served as the project's Contracting Officer's Technical Representative. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) provided funding and support for the assessment of alcohol use disorders. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) provided funding for the collection of additional blood samples and the administration of the drug use disorders assessment. The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) provided support for querying participants about interaction with the criminal justice system. AbstractThis report presents the first national prevalence estimates for drug-involved driving derived from the recently completed 2007 National Roadside Survey (NRS). The NRS is a national field survey of alcohol-and drug-involved driving conducted primarily among nighttime weekend drivers, but also daytime Friday drivers. The survey involved randomly stopping drivers at 300 locations across the continental United States; sites were selected through a stratified random sampling procedure. This included data that we collected during a two-hour Friday daytime session at 60 locations and during four 2-hour nighttime periods (10 p.m. to midnight and 1 a.m. to 3 a.m. on both Friday and Saturday) at 240 locations. Both self-report and biological measures were taken. Biological measures included breath alcohol measurements on 9,413 respondents, oral fluid from 7,719 respondents, and blood samples from 3,276 respondents. Oral fluid and blood samples were subjected to laboratory screening and LC/MS-MS and GC/MS confirmation for 75 drugs and metabolites, including illegal, prescription, and over-the-counter drugs. These data were analyzed to develop the first national prevalence estimate of alcohol-and drug-involved driving. Two prior reports on the 2007 NRS described: (1) the sampling plan and data collection methodology, summarizing the response patterns to the various stages of the multi-part survey; and (2) the prevalence estimates for alcohol-involved driving derived from the study, and comparing them with the three previous National Roadside Surveys (NRS). iii AcknowledgementsThe authors received extensive assistance from State and local officials in the conduct of this project. Our data collection procedures were not routine. The willingness of officials to help us identify cooperating local law enforcement agencies and the willingness of agencies to participate in the project were essential to our success. To all those who helped in conducting this study, the authors express their sincere gratitude. ) which presents the prevalence estimates for alcohol-involved driving derived from the study, and compares those estimates with data from the three previous National Roadside Surveys. MethodologyThree prior national roadside surveys of drivers to estimate prevalence of drinking and driving and determine changes over time have been conducted in the United States. These surveys, which included a brief interview and a breath sample to determine blood alcohol concentration (BAC), were conducted on a s...

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Section: Selection Of Drugs For Screening and Analysismentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Oral Fluid Collection Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Drug Results

Lacey¹,

Kelley-Baker²,

Furr‐Holden³

et al. 2009

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“…It may be impossible to obtain reliable research data on blood drug concentrations among random drivers on a voluntary basis. Studies in the USA have shown an unacceptably high refusal rate of 50-60% if collecting blood, even when 50 US$ was offered as incentive for providing a sample [3,4]. However, in a study performed in the Netherlands Aim: To estimate the prevalence of driving with blood drug concentrations above the recently proposed Norwegian legal limits for drugged driving in random traffic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Prevalence of driving with blood drug concentrations above proposed new legal limits in Norway: Estimations based on drug concentrations in oral fluid

Gjerde

Normann

Christophersen

et al. 2011

Forensic Science International

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“…Self-report data on controversial issues, such as drug use and driving, are often underreported. For example, in the pilot study preceding the current study (Lacey, Kelley-Baker, Furr-Holden, Brainard, & Moore, 2007), only about a third of the persons who tested positive for drugs other than alcohol reported they had used drugs within the past year, and only 2% reported such drug use on the night of the survey. This underreporting occurred even though the respondents knew they were being tested for the presence of drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Methodology

Lacey¹,

Kelley-Baker²,

Furr‐Holden³

et al. 2009

PsycEXTRA Dataset

Self Cite

114

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Amy Berning served as the project Contracting Officer's Technical Representative. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) provided funding and support for the assessment of alcohol use disorders. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) provided funding for the assessment of drug use disorders. The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) provided support for querying participants about intervention with the Criminal Justice System. AbstractThis report describes the methodology for the 2007 U.S. national field study to estimate the prevalence of alcohol-, drug-, and alcohol-and-drug-involved driving, primarily among nighttime weekend drivers, but also daytime Friday drivers. This study involved randomly stopping drivers at 300 locations across the continental United States; sites were selected through a stratified random sampling procedure. Data were collected during a 2-hour Friday daytime session at 60 locations, and during four 2-hour nighttime periods (10 p.m. to midnight and 1 a.m. to 3 a.m. on both Friday and Saturday nights) at 240 locations. Both self-report and biological measures were taken. An objective was to obtain at least 7,500 oral fluid samples for analysis. Biological measures included breath alcohol measurements on 9,413 respondents, oral fluid samples from 7,719 respondents, and blood samples from 3,276 respondents. Oral fluid and blood samples were subjected to laboratory screening and LC/MS-MS and GC/MS confirmation respectively for both alcohol and 20 categories of drugs. These data are being analyzed to develop the first national prevalence estimate of alcohol-and drug-involved driving. This first report describes the field methods used to conduct this study, including data collection procedures. Overall response rates are also presented. Two other reports will present the results of the data collection and analyses; one will focus on alcohol use prevalence estimates among drivers and compare them with previous National Roadside Surveys conducted in 1973, 1986, and 1996; the other report will provide drug use prevalence estimates among drivers. AcknowledgementsThe authors would like to acknowledge the extensive assistance we received from State and local officials in the conduct of this project. Our data collection procedures were not routine by any means and the willingness of State officials to help us identify local police agencies and the agencies' willingness to participate in the project were essential to our success.

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Pilot test of new roadside survey methodology for impaired driving

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Drug Results

2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Drug Results

Prevalence of driving with blood drug concentrations above proposed new legal limits in Norway: Estimations based on drug concentrations in oral fluid

2007 National Roadside Survey of Alcohol and Drug Use by Drivers: Methodology

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