Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) combined with pyrethroids in long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) to prevent malaria in Africa

Gleave, Katherine; Lissenden, Natalie; Richardson, Marty; Ranson, Hilary

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012776

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Although PBO-pyrethroid nets are now replacing standard pyrethroid-only nets in many sites across Africa 8 , not all pyrethroid resistant populations can be effectively targeted by this synergist 8,9 as additional mechanisms are contributing to the resistance phenotype. Recently, using a meta-analysis approach of transcriptomic data from pyrethroid resistant An.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sensory appendage protein protects malaria vectors from pyrethroids

Ingham

Anthousi

Douris

et al. 2019

Nature

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165

208

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Pyrethroid-impregnated bednets have driven significant reductions in malaria morbidity and mortality in Africa since the beginning of the century 1. The intense selection pressure exerted by bednets has precipitated widespread and escalating pyrethroid resistance in African Anopheles populations, threatening to reverse gains made by malaria control 2. Here we show that a legenriched sensory appendage protein, SAP2, confers pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae. SAP2 expression is elevated in insecticide-resistant populations and is further induced upon Users may view, print, copy, and download text and data-mine the content in such documents, for the purposes of academic research, subject always to the full Conditions of use:

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A sensory appendage protein protects malaria vectors from pyrethroids

Ingham

Anthousi

Douris

et al. 2019

Nature

Self Cite

165

208

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“…Pyrethroid-PBO net was given World Health Organisation (WHO) policy recommendation as a new class in 2017 based on epidemiological data from a cluster randomized trial in Muleba, Tanzania [21], which showed that Olyset ® Plus LN (Sumitomo Chemicals Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) reduced malaria-infection prevalence by 33% over 21 months of use compared to the standard LLIN, Olyset ® Net, under a scenario of high pyrethroid resistance and net use. A recent Cochrane review predicted that PBO-pyrethroid LLIN is expected to be more effective in areas of moderate to high resistance mediated by metabolic resistance than in settings of low or no insecticide resistance [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of an alpha-cypermethrin + PBO mixture long-lasting insecticidal net VEERALIN® LN against pyrethroid resistant Anopheles gambiae s.s.: an experimental hut trial in M’bé, central Côte d’Ivoire

Oumbouke

Rowland

Koffi³

et al. 2019

Parasites Vectors

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Background: Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the primary method of malaria prevention. However, the widespread resistance to pyrethroids among major malaria vector species represents a significant threat to the continued efficacy of pyrethroid LLIN. Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) is a synergist that inhibits the activity of metabolic enzymes of the cytochrome P450 family known to detoxify insecticides including pyrethroids. Synergist LLIN incorporating PBO and a pyrethroid may provide improved control compared to pyrethroid-only LLIN. Methods: The efficacy of VEERALIN ® LN (VKA polymers Pvt Ltd, India), an alpha-cypermethrin PBO synergist net was evaluated in experimental huts in M'bé, central Côte d'Ivoire against wild pyrethroid resistant Anopheles gambiae s.s. Comparison was made with a standard alpha-cypermethrin-treated net (MAGNet ® LN, VKA polymers Pvt Ltd, India). Nets were tested unwashed and after 20 standardized washes. Results: VEERALIN ® LN demonstrated improved efficacy compared to MAGNet ® LN against wild free-flying pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae s.s. Before washing, VEERALIN ® LN produced mortality of An. gambiae s.s. (51%) significantly higher than the standard pyrethroid-only net (29%) (P < 0.0001). Although there was a significant reduction in mortality with both LLINs after 20 washes, VEERALIN ® LN remained superior in efficacy to MAGNet ® LN (38 vs 17%) (P < 0.0001). Blood-feeding was significantly inhibited with both types of insecticide-treated nets relative to the untreated control net (P < 0.0001). Unwashed VEERALIN ® LN induced significantly higher blood-feeding inhibition of An. gambiae s.s. (62.6%) compared to MAGNet ® LN (35.4%) (P < 0.001). The difference persisted after washing, as there was no indication that either LLIN lost protection against biting or blood-feeding. The level of personal protection derived from the use of VEERALIN ® LN was high (87%) compared to MAGNet ® LN (66-69%) whether unwashed or washed. The AI content of VEERALIN ® LN after 20 washes decreased from 6.75 to 6.03 g/kg for alpha-cypermethrin and from 2.95 to 2.64 g/kg for PBO, corresponding to an overall retention of 89% for each compound. Conclusions: The addition of the synergist PBO to pyrethroid net greatly improved protection and control of pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae s.s. The pyrethroid-PBO VEERALIN ® LN has the potential to reduce transmission in areas compromised by pyrethroid resistance.

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“…The increase in the detoxifying and/or sequestering activities of cytochrome P450s, GSTs and Esterase have been associated with mosquitoes resistance to insecticides [20][21][22] . Piperonyl butoxide is a non-toxic synergist but has been proven to suppress DDT and Pyrethriods resistance in malaria vectors under laboratory conditions [23][24][25] . Likewise, in several endemic areas in sub-Saharan Africa, PBO incorporated into LLINs has also shown to be more efficacious and effective in controlling malaria vectors, thereby, reducing malaria incidence [26][27][28][29] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

First report of AChE1 (G119S) mutation and multiple resistance mechanisms in Anopheles gambiae s.s. in Nigeria

Fagbohun

Idowu

Otubanjo

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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First report of AChE1 (G119S) mutation and multiple resistance mechanisms in Anopheles gambiae s.s. in nigeria ifeoluwa Kayode fagbohun 1 ✉ , emmanuel taiwo idowu 1 , olubunmi Adetoro otubanjo 1 & taiwo Samson Awolola 2 Susceptibility and PBO synergist bioassays were done using 3-5 days old female Anopheles mosquito collected from Lagos State, Nigeria with WHO test papers DDT (4%), permethrin (0.75%), Bendiocarb (1%) and PBO (4%) according to standard procedures. The activities of cytochrome P450s, glutathione S-transferase and carboxylesterases were determined using biochemical assays. the presence of kdr-w, kdr-e and Ace-1 R mutations were examined using molecular assays. Resistance to DDt and permethrin in An gambiae s.s from the four Local Government Areas (LGAs) was recorded while suspected resistance to bendiocarb was recorded in mosquitoes from Alimosho and Kosofe LGAs. PBO synergist reduced the knockdown time and also recorded significantly (P < 0.05) higher 24 hrs percentage mortality compared to non-synergized bioassays. Increased activities of detoxifying enzymes was recorded in wild mosquito compared to the insecticides susceptible laboratory strain and this was significant (P < 0.05) in P450s, esterase α and β. Kdr-w was detected in An. gambiae s.s from all the LGAs, kdr-e (L1014S) was detected in Alimosho, Kosofe and ibeju-Lekki, while the Ace-1 R gene was detected in Alimosho and Kosofe. Results from this study provide evidence for resistance of An. gambiae from Lagos State to multiple classes of neurotoxic insecticides with multiple resistance mechanisms to these insecticides.

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Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) combined with pyrethroids in long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) to prevent malaria in Africa

Abstract: Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) combined with pyrethroids in long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) to prevent malaria in Africa (Protocol)

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

A sensory appendage protein protects malaria vectors from pyrethroids

A sensory appendage protein protects malaria vectors from pyrethroids

Evaluation of an alpha-cypermethrin + PBO mixture long-lasting insecticidal net VEERALIN® LN against pyrethroid resistant Anopheles gambiae s.s.: an experimental hut trial in M’bé, central Côte d’Ivoire

First report of AChE1 (G119S) mutation and multiple resistance mechanisms in Anopheles gambiae s.s. in Nigeria

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