“…As reflected in the subcategory "A competitiveness issue", the economic characteristic of the discourse explored in the present work is guaranteed by the use of vocabulary that is as varied as it is explicit (e.g., "employability", "high qualification", "economic growth", "labour market", "entrepreneurship", etc.). "Deteriorating competitiveness" was its ultimate expression, a diagnosis whose referents were not found in Spain but in the international arena: the OECD and its PISA instrument (Cuesta and Estellés 2020;Cañadell 2018;Rizvi and Lingard 2013;Sanz et al 2020). The strength of this economic logic and all that it implies even allowed for the fusion, in discursive terms, of the old paradigm of education as a universal right and the neoliberal paradigm of innovation as a service: a product that is sold, consumed, and, above all, economically profitable, through significant sacrifices.…”