Planar laser rayleigh scattering for quantitative vapor-fuel imaging in a diesel jet

Espey, Christoph; Dec, John E.; Litzinger, Thomas A.; Santavicca, Domenic A.

doi:10.1016/s0010-2180(96)00126-5

Cited by 141 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Over the past decade, a wide variety of these diagnostics have been applied to directinjection (DI) diesel combustion using a specially designed, optically accessible research engine (1)(2)(3)(4)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(24)(25)(26). These laser-imaging measurements have provided an abundance of new information about the details of diesel combustion and emissions formation.…”

Section: Laser Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optical data obtained with this engine have included the following laser-sheet imaging measurements: Mie scattering to determine liquid-phase fuel distributions (13), Rayleigh scattering for quantitative vapor-phasefuel/air mixture images and temperature fields (15), laser-induced incandescence (LII) for relative soot concentrations (2,3,24), simultaneous LII and Rayleigh scattering for relative soot particle-size distributions (17,18), planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) to obtain early PAH (poly-aromatic hydrocarbon) distributions (24), PLIF images of the OH radical that show the diffusion flame structure (4), and PLIF images of the NO radical showing the onset of NOx production (25). In addition, natural-emission chemiluminescence images were obtained to investigate autoignition, and natural soot luminosity images showed initial soot development and overall jet penetration (3,18,26).…”

Section: Laser Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Government laboratories in the U.S., Europe and several universities (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20) have undertaken laser imaging studies to define the structure of diesel flames and their temporal evolution. Although these diagnostics were performed on a variety of engine and high-pressure vessel configurations, they show many similarities and begin to form a basis for the general description of a burning diesel fuel spray plume.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Diesel Combustion: An Integrated View Combining Laser Diagnostics, Chemical Kinetics, And Empirical Validation

Flynn

Durrett

Hunter

et al. 1999

SAE Technical Paper Series

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330

201

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February 1999This is a preprint of a paper intended for publication in a journal or proceedings. Since changes may be made before publication, this preprint is made available with the understanding that it will not be cited or reproduced without the permission of the author. PREPRINTThis paper was prepared for submittal to the DISCLAIMER This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor the University of California nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or the University of California, and shall not be used for advertising or product endorsement purposes. 1999-01- Charles K. WestbrookLawrence Livermore National Laboratory ABSTRACT This paper proposes a structure for the diesel combustion process based on a combination of previously published and new results. Processes are analyzed with proven chemical kinetic models and validated with data from production-like direct injection diesel engines. The analysis provides new insight into the ignition and particulate formation processes, which combined with laser diagnostics, delineates the twostage nature of combustion in diesel engines. Data are presented to quantify events occurring during the ignition and initial combustion processes that form soot precursors.A framework is also proposed for understanding the heat release and emission formation processes.

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Section: Laser Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Laser Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diesel Combustion: An Integrated View Combining Laser Diagnostics, Chemical Kinetics, And Empirical Validation

Flynn

Durrett

Hunter

et al. 1999

SAE Technical Paper Series

Self Cite

330

201

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite the preponderance of multicomponent ͑MC͒ fuels, the specific behavior of such sprays in turbulent flows is not well understood when compared to that of single-component ͑SC͒ fuel sprays. For example, because of the daunting difficulty of simulating MC mixtures, investigators use a variety of heavy ͑i.e., large molar weight͒ SCs or mixtures of two fuels to simulate diesel fuel, [1][2][3][4] although there is emerging interest in a complete MC representation. 5 Also, because data obtained with SC fuels lead to results that are more easily interpretable, some experiments tend to focus on SC fuels as well, although the ultimate interest is on MC fuels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 Also, because data obtained with SC fuels lead to results that are more easily interpretable, some experiments tend to focus on SC fuels as well, although the ultimate interest is on MC fuels. 1 The focus of this paper is on SC versus MC simulations. The questions we address are as follows: Which of the features of MC two-phase flows with phase change are reproduced by SC flows, and which features, if any, are not?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct numerical simulation of a transitional temporal mixing layer laden with multicomponent-fuel evaporating drops using continuous thermodynamics

Clercq

Bellan

2004

Physics of Fluids

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A model of a temporal three-dimensional mixing layer laden with fuel drops of a liquid containing a large number of species is derived. The fuel model is based on continuous thermodynamics, whereby the composition is statistically described through a distribution function parametrized on the species molar weight. The drop temperature is initially lower than that of the carrier gas, leading to drop heat up and evaporation. The model describing the changes in the multicomponent ͑MC͒ fuel drop composition and in the gas phase composition due to evaporation encompasses only two more conservation equations when compared with the equivalent single-component ͑SC͒ fuel formulation. Single drop results of a MC fuel having a sharply peaked distribution are shown to compare favorably with a validated SC-fuel drop simulation. Then, single drop comparisons are performed between results from MC fuel and a representative SC fuel used as a surrogate of the MC fuel. Further, two mixing layer simulations are conducted with a MC fuel and they are compared to representative SC-fuel simulations conducted elsewhere. Examination of the results shows that although the global layer characteristics are generally similar in the SC and MC situations, the MC layers display a higher momentum-thickness-based Reynolds number at transition. Vorticity analysis shows that the SC layers exhibit larger vortical activity than their MC counterpart. An examination of the drop organization at transition shows more structure and an increased drop-number density for MC simulations in regions of moderate and high strain. These results are primarily attributed to the slower evaporation of MC-fuel drops than of their SC counterpart. This slower evaporation is due to the lower volatility of the higher molar weight species, and also to condensation of already-evaporated species on drops that are transported in regions of different gas composition. The more volatile species released in the gas phase earlier during the drop lifetime reside in the lower stream while intermediary molar weight species, which egress after the drops are entrained in the mixing layer, reside in the mixing layer and form there a very heterogeneous mixture; the heavier species that evaporate later during the drop lifetime tend to reside in regions of high drop number density. This leads to a segregation of species in the gas phase based on the relative evaporation time from the drops. The ensemble-average drop temperature becomes eventually larger/smaller than the initial drop temperature in MC/SC simulations. Neither this species segregation nor the drop temperature variation with respect to the initial temperature or as a function of the mass loading can be captured by the SC-fuel simulations.

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Fundamentals

Musculus

Pickett

Kaiser

2014

Encyclopedia of Automotive Engineering

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Fundamental details of the spatial and/or temporal evolution of in‐cylinder processes of internal combustion engines may be gained from various optical diagnostics. Application of optical diagnostics requires experimental facilities with optical access, appropriate light detection instrumentation, and potentially external light sources and delivery optics. Three types of optical facilities that recreate engine‐relevant high pressure, high temperature conditions are reviewed here: engines, rapid compression machines, and pressurized high temperature spray or premixed fuel–air chambers. In addition, several of the more commonly applied optical diagnostic techniques that can detect combustion‐generated light emission, attenuation and scattering of light from external sources, and artificially generated emission, including laser‐induced processes, are also briefly reviewed.

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Planar laser rayleigh scattering for quantitative vapor-fuel imaging in a diesel jet

Cited by 141 publications

References 12 publications

Diesel Combustion: An Integrated View Combining Laser Diagnostics, Chemical Kinetics, And Empirical Validation

Diesel Combustion: An Integrated View Combining Laser Diagnostics, Chemical Kinetics, And Empirical Validation

Direct numerical simulation of a transitional temporal mixing layer laden with multicomponent-fuel evaporating drops using continuous thermodynamics

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