Plant and root endophyte assembly history: interactive effects on native and exotic plants

Sikes, Benjamin A.; Hawkes, Christine V.; Fukami, Tadashi

doi:10.1890/15-0635.1

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In a greenhouse experiment, Sikes et al. () introduced grasses and fungal species before others and found that small differences in early arrival history during the first 2 weeks of assembly were sufficient to affect plant performance for 6 months. Moore and Franklin () found in a controlled experiment that root biomass of established species was reduced after water stress, but this outcome was dependent of priority effects and species identity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sikes et al. () also found that small differences in early arrival history, during the first 2 weeks of assembly, were sufficient to affect plant above and below‐ground performance for 6 months. Studying the effects of order of arrival among native species, Moore and Franklin () found in controlled experiments that the root biomass of later species were reduced after flooding and drought compared to species that arrived first, while Körner et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In contrast, only few studies have tested the effects of order of arrival on below‐ground development, and all of these experiments are under controlled conditions. In addition, these experiments assessed the role of assembly history and performance of native vs. exotic (Orloff, Mangold, & Menalled, ; Sikes, Hawkes, & Fukami, ) with few experiments testing interactions purely between native species (Körner, Stöcklin, Reuther‐Thiébaud, & Pelaez‐Riedl, ; Moore & Franklin, ). To the best of our knowledge, the effect of order of arrival on below‐ground development has not yet being tested in the field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Priority effects caused by plant order of arrival affect below‐ground productivity

et al. 2017

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1. Plant species that arrive first in the system can affect assembly (priority effects).However, effects of order of arrival of different plant functional groups (PFGs) on root development have not yet been investigated under field conditions. 2. We measured standing and fine root length density in the first and third year of a grassland field experiment. We wanted to know if manipulating PFG order of arrival would affect root development, and if priority effects are modulated by soil type.3. Sowing legumes first created a priority effect that was found in the first and third year, with a lower standing root length density in this treatment, even though the plant community composition was different in each of the studied years. Fine root length density was not affected by order of arrival, but changed according to the soil type. Synthesis.We found strong evidence that sowing legumes first created a priority effect below-ground that was found in the first and third year of this field experiment, even though the functional group dominance was different in each of the studied years. K E Y W O R D Sbelow-ground productivity, facilitation, historical contingency, order of arrival, plant functional groups, priority effects

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Priority effects caused by plant order of arrival affect below‐ground productivity

et al. 2017

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“…So far experiments manipulating plant species order of arrival have mainly used controlled experimental set-ups using pots or mesocosms (Ejrnæs et al, 2006; Chase, 2010; Moore and Franklin, 2011; Stevens and Fehmi, 2011; Dickson et al, 2012; Byun et al, 2013; Kardol et al, 2013; Mason et al, 2013; Ulrich and Perkins, 2014; Burkle and Belote, 2015; Wilsey et al, 2015; Sikes et al, 2016). Focusing on order of arrival of different PFGs, Körner et al (2008) set up an experiment with nine grassland species from three different groups (non-leguminous forbs, legumes, and grasses), sowing one group before the other two.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Being First: Exploring Priority and Diversity Effects in a Grassland Field Experiment

et al. 2017

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Diversity of species and order of arrival can have strong effects on ecosystem functioning and community composition, but these two have rarely been explicitly combined in experimental setups. We measured the effects of both species diversity and order of arrival on ecosystem function and community composition in a grassland field experiment, thus combining biodiversity and assembly approaches. We studied the effect of order of arrival of three plant functional groups (PFGs: grasses, legumes, and non-leguminous forbs) and of sowing low and high diversity seed mixtures (9 or 21 species) on species composition and aboveground biomass. The experiment was set up in two different soil types. Differences in PFG order of arrival affected the biomass, the number of species and community composition. As expected, we found higher aboveground biomass when sowing legumes before the other PFGs, but this effect was not continuous over time. We did not find a positive effect of sown diversity on aboveground biomass (even if it influenced species richness as expected). No interaction were found between the two studied factors. We found that sowing legumes first may be a good method for increasing productivity whilst maintaining diversity of central European grasslands, although the potential for long-lasting effects needs further study. In addition, the mechanisms behind the non-continuous priority effects we found need to be further researched, taking weather and plant-soil feedbacks into account.

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“…Based on the present theory, small differences during the early stage of plant–endophyte community assembly were sufficient to affect the plant condition for a long time (Sikes et al . ). Thus, in this work, the endophyte‐induced effects on straw decomposition were likely to accumulate throughout all the stages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Symbiotic fungal endophytePhomopsis liquidambari-rice system promotes nitrogen transformation by influencing below-ground straw decomposition in paddy soil

Sun

Cao

et al. 2018

J Appl Microbiol

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Aims: To explore if and how symbiotic Phomopsis liquidambari-rice system influences below-ground straw decomposition and then nitrogen(N) transformation in response to environmental N levels. Methods and Results: Litter bag experiments were utilized to trace the decay process during rice growth phases (seedling (T1), tillering (T2), heading (T3) and maturing (T4) stage), with (E+) and without endophyte (EÀ), under low (LN), medium (MN) and high nitrogen (HN) supply. Litter, soil and plant samples were collected to evaluate the decay process, N transformations, plant quality and relative abundance of soil ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and P. liquidambari. The results showed that straw decomposition increased by 19Á76% (LN, T2 stage), 14Á05% (MN, T3 stage) and 16Á88% (MN, T4 stage) in E+ pots when compared with EÀ pots. Further analysis revealed that no significant endophyte 9 N interaction was found for straw decay rate and that the decay rate was reduced by a higher N supply (LN, 37Á16 AE 0Á65%; MN, 32Á27 AE 1Á72%; HN, 29Á44 AE 1Á22%) at the T1 stage, whereas straw decay rate and N release increased by 9Á38 and 11Á16%, respectively, mainly by endophyte colonization at the T4 stage. The abundance of AOA and AOB were altered, corresponding with the decay rate. Soil mineral N, straw mineral N and plant quality were shown to increase in E+ pots, depending on environmental N conditions and growth phase. The yield increased by 2Á98% for E+ plants under MN level. Conclusions: Symbiotic P. liquidambari-rice system promoted below-ground straw decomposition and N transformation, depending on environmental N levels and plant growth phase. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study provides evidence that fungal endophyte-plant systems are able to promote N transformation by increasing straw decomposition. A reasonable combination of N inputs could enhance its advantage in agriculture ecosystems.

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Plant and root endophyte assembly history: interactive effects on native and exotic plants

Cited by 34 publications

References 60 publications

Priority effects caused by plant order of arrival affect below‐ground productivity

Priority effects caused by plant order of arrival affect below‐ground productivity

The Importance of Being First: Exploring Priority and Diversity Effects in a Grassland Field Experiment

Symbiotic fungal endophytePhomopsis liquidambari-rice system promotes nitrogen transformation by influencing below-ground straw decomposition in paddy soil

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