Plant-Derived Smoke Affects Biochemical Mechanism on Plant Growth and Seed Germination

Abstract

The role of plant-derived smoke, which is changed in mineral-nutrient status, in enhancing germination and post-germination was effectively established. The majority of plant species positively respond to plant-derived smoke in the enhancement of seed germination and plant growth. The stimulatory effect of plant-derived smoke on normally growing and stressed plants may help to reduce economic and human resources, which validates its candidature as a biostimulant. Plant-derived smoke potentially facilitates the early harvest and increases crop productivity. Karrikins and cyanohydrin are the active compound in plant-derived smoke. In this review, data from the latest research explaining the effect of plant-derived smoke on morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of plants are presented. The pathway for reception and interaction of compounds of plant-derived smoke at the cellular and molecular level of plant is described and discussed.

Plant-Derived Smoke Solution Alleviates Cellular Oxidative Stress Caused by Arsenic and Mercury by Modulating the Cellular Antioxidative Defense System in Wheat

“…It has been demonstrated that PDS plays a key role in the alleviation of abiotic stresses. Seed primed with PDS has been found to increase seed germination percentage and seedling fresh weight in salt-stressed maize [ 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Sapium sabiforum has shown improved tolerance to salt and osmotic stresses by increasing germination and post-germination growth in PDS [ 31 ].…”

Morphological, Biochemical, and Proteomic Analyses to Understand the Promotive Effects of Plant-Derived Smoke Solution on Wheat Growth under Flooding Stress

“…The plant-derived smoke solution is a material for promoting plant growth/development and affects plant species from various habitats [ 6 ]. Plant-derived smoke positively affected the post-germination growth of rice [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], maize [ 10 ], chickpea [ 11 ], soybean [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], and wheat [ 16 ].…”

“…Studies on the post-germination of crops treated with the plant-derived smoke solution elucidated that its treatment affected not only the seed-germination stage but also the plant growth and development stages [ 17 ]. Butanolides, including karrikins and cyanohydrin, are the active compounds in the plant-derived smoke solution [ 6 ]. The functional mechanisms of plant-derived smoke in the seed-germination stage were clarified with the discovery of karrikin [ 18 ].…”

Subcellular Proteomics to Understand Promotive Effect of Plant-Derived Smoke Solution on Soybean Root

“…Plant-derived smoke is material for promoting plant growth/development and affects plant species from various habitats [1]. Butanolides, including karrikins and cyanohydrin, are the active compounds in plant-derived smoke [1].…”

“…Plant-derived smoke is material for promoting plant growth/development and affects plant species from various habitats [1]. Butanolides, including karrikins and cyanohydrin, are the active compounds in plant-derived smoke [1]. Plant-derived smoke positively affected post-germination growth of rice [2][3][4], wheat [5], maize [6], soybean [7][8][9], and chickpea [10].…”