Plant extracellular vesicles: A novel bioactive nanoparticle for tumor therapy

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles are tiny lipid bilayer-enclosed membrane particles, including apoptotic bodies, micro vesicles, and exosomes. Organisms of all life forms can secrete extracellular vesicles into their surrounding environment, which serve as important communication tools between cells and between cells and the environment, and participate in a variety of physiological processes. According to new evidence, plant extracellular vesicles play an important role in the regulation of transboundary molecules with interacting organisms. In addition to carrying signaling molecules (nucleic acids, proteins, metabolic wastes, etc.) to mediate cellular communication, plant cells External vesicles themselves can also function as functional molecules in the cellular microenvironment across cell boundaries. This review introduces the source and extraction of plant extracellular vesicles, and attempts to clarify its anti-tumor mechanism by summarizing the current research on plant extracellular vesicles for disease treatment. We speculate that the continued development of plant extracellular vesicle-based therapeutic and drug delivery platforms will benefit their clinical applications.

Plant‐derived nanovesicles offer a promising avenue for anti‐aging interventions

“…Antioxidants help neutralize harmful free radicals, reducing oxidative stress and slowing aging (Fekete et al 2023). Together, these three factors-anti-inflammatory properties, antitumoral actions, and antioxidant capabilities-form a robust anti-aging strategy, working in unison to combat the various detrimental effects of aging (Tan et al 2022, D'Angelo 2023.…”

“…Antioxidants help neutralize harmful free radicals, reducing oxidative stress and slowing aging (Fekete et al 2023). Together, these three factors—anti‐inflammatory properties, antitumoral actions, and antioxidant capabilities—form a robust anti‐aging strategy, working in unison to combat the various detrimental effects of aging (Tan et al 2022, D'Angelo 2023). Researchers have been diving deep into the exploration of these PDNVs, which carry a diverse range of biomolecules, such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, that can influence various physiological processes (Alfieri et al 2021, Nemati et al 2022).…”

Unlocking Exosome-Based Theragnostic Signatures: Deciphering Secrets of Ovarian Cancer Metastasis

“…Stem cell derived exosome miRNA reduces OC cell proliferation . Lemon-derived exosome-mediated anticancer drug delivery in OC shows promising results . The engineered exosome is a new platform for the development of exosome-based cancer therapies (the more specific way it works) .…”

Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (PDEVs) in nanomedicine for human disease and therapeutic modalities

“…Administration of the bitter melon-derived EVs (BMDEVs) scavenged the elevated mitochondrial ROS and maintained mitochondrial homeostasis, dominantly preventing radiation-induced cardiomyocyte injury and myocardial fibrosis [ 67 ]. Moreover, these BMDEVs exerted synergistic anti-cancer effects of 5-fluorouracil against oral squamous cell carcinoma [ 68 , 69 ]. In vitro and in vivo analyses further demonstrated the sensitizing effect of BMDEVs on human cancer therapy [ 70 ].…”