Plants used for poison fishing in tropical Africa

Neuwinger, Hans Dieter

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2004.05.014

Cited by 233 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Analytical chemistry is required in the selection of elite plant materials being chosen for propagation or cultivation to ensure that they are effective Sarasan et al 2011). One good example of a cultivated multi-use species with pesticidal properties is Tephrosia vogelii Hook f., which has been used across Africa as a pesticide, as animal fodder and for improving soil fertility (Burkill 1995;Mafongoya and Kuntashula 2005;Neuwinger 2004;Kamanula et al 2011: Fig. 1).…”

Section: Efficacy Of Pesticidal Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plant pesticides are relatively safe (see below), despite some popular pesticidal materials in Africa having established short-term negative environmental impacts (Copping and Menn 2000); for example, fish are especially sensitive since artery-rich gills assimilate water-soluble plant toxins easily (Neuwinger 2004). Indeed, many Africans use certain plant materials, like B. madagascariensis and T. vogelii, to rapidly harvest fish.…”

Section: Biocontrol Agent Safety and Ecosystem Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of indigenous ecological resources for pest control in Africa

Grzywacz

Stevenson

Mushobozi³

et al. 2013

Food Sec.

117

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Reducing the losses from crop pests will help to increase food availability and boost economic growth in subSaharan Africa (SSA). However, the existing crop protection paradigm that relies on synthetic agrochemical pesticides has had only a marginal impact on the productivity of many poor smallholder farmers who constitute a major segment of agriculture in SSA. This is primarily because many of them are not able to afford or access these imported chemicals. A solution to this crop protection problem may be to harness biological resources that are locally available, such as endemic insect natural enemies and indigenous pesticidal plant materials. Two specific examples of this already under development in Africa are the use of the pesticidal plant, Tephrosia vogelii, and the harvesting of the endemic insect baculovirus, Spodoptera exempta nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpexNPV). Both of these can be produced locally and have shown promise in trials as inexpensive and effective tools for pest control in Africa and their use is currently being scaled up and evaluated by African networks of researchers. A focus on these systems illustrates the potential for using locally-available natural resources for improved crop protection in Africa. The consideration of these pesticidal plants and insect natural enemies in the wider context of natural capital that provide valuable ecosystem services (including pest control), will facilitate greater recognition of their true economic and societal worth. While both of these model systems show promise, there are also very significant challenges to be overcome in developing production, supply and marketing systems that are economically viable and sustainable. The regulatory environment must also evolve to accommodate and facilitate the registration of new products and the establishment of appropriate supply chains that share the benefits of these resources equitably with the local communities from which they are harvested.

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Section: Efficacy Of Pesticidal Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biocontrol Agent Safety and Ecosystem Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of indigenous ecological resources for pest control in Africa

Grzywacz

Stevenson

Mushobozi³

et al. 2013

Food Sec.

117

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“…The same species is also used to control poultry diseases such as Newcastle disease (Wickaman, Mbaga, Madadi, & Byamungu, 2006). The latex is used as a fish poison and water extracts of the leaves have demonstrated antimolluscidal activity against Biomphalaria pfeifferi (Kloos, Thiongo, Ouma, & Butterworth, 1987;Neuwinger, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Extraction Conditions and Phytochemical Screening of Root Extract of Synadenium glaucescens Pax

Mabiki

Magadula²,

Mdegela³

et al. 2013

IJC

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Optimization of extraction conditions and phytochemical screening of the root bark of Synadenium glaucescens were carried out in a stepwise manner in order to obtain the highest yields and the constituents of the extracts. Sequential extraction using Soxhlet method was performed using dichloromethane, hexane and petroleum ether, respectively, each followed by ethanol. Extraction conditions included: running time of 2 to 6 hours, temperature at 25 o C to 95 o C and particle size ranging from 0.4mm to >3mm diameter. Phytochemical screening was done using derivatisation techniques, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high performance liquid chromatography. Extraction with dichloromethane followed by ethanol resulted in a higher yield by 25%, within 4 hrs of extraction, particle size of 1mm, at temperatures of 30 o C for dichloromethane and 75 o C for ethanol. Fatty acid analysis indicated absence of free fatty acids in both Dichloromethane and ethanolic extracts. Silylation and Thin Layer Chromatography indicated the presence of non hindered and hindered functionality and the presence of triterpenoids in the dichloromethane extract. Phytochemical screening of the dichloromethane extracts indicated that it is composed of two main triterpenoids that best matched with Lanosterol (42%) and Cycloartenol (31%). Other minor compounds identified through chromatographic analysis were phytol, ergostadiol, hentriacontane, sitastirol aceate, lupeol and hopenone. The ethanolic extracts indicated the presence of polyphenolic compounds.

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“…Fishing poisons are toxic plants that affect fish but not people who consume the fish, and continue to be used in traditional societies all over the world, especially in developing countries (Neuwinger 2004). There is a widespread interest in including fishing poisons in modern pest management because they are effective on many aquatic pest species, and are usually less expensive (Bagalwa and Chifundera 2007) and perceived as more environmentally friendly than chemical pesticides (Ramanujam and Ratha 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Validation of Indigenous Ecological Knowledge a Disrespectful Process? A Case Study of Traditional Fishing Poisons and Invasive Fish Management from the Wet Tropics, Australia

Gratani¹,

Butler²,

Royee³

et al. 2011

E&S

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Despite the growing recognition of the contribution that indigenous ecological knowledge (IEK) can make to contemporary 'western' science-based natural resource management (NRM), integration of the two knowledge systems has not reached its full potential in Australia. One explanation is that there is an implicit requirement for IEK to be validated by western scientific knowledge (SK), which has stalled its application and perpetuated the primacy of SK over IEK. Consequently, there is little experience of IEK validation, indigenous peoples' perspectives of the process, and no formal frameworks to achieve mutual and equitable validation of both IEK and SK. In this paper we assess the opportunities and limitations of validation processes using a case study of traditional fishing poisons for invasive fish management in the Wet Tropics World Heritage Area of Australia. The study was conducted within a coresearch approach between the Aboriginal holders of the IEK, who are among the paper's authors, and science-based biologists. We jointly carried out scientific laboratory trials that demonstrated that fishing poisons are effective at immobilizing invasive tilapia. Retrospective interviews with indigenous coresearchers showed that they did not find the experience of validation disrespectful, but instead empowering and necessary for their IEK to be understood and appreciated by scientists and included in NRM. Based on our experiences and knowledge of socialization theory we present a framework for the potential future design of collaborative validation processes to facilitate the integration of IEK into mainstream NRM, and the acceptance of SK within indigenous communities in Australia

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Plants used for poison fishing in tropical Africa

Cited by 233 publications

References 8 publications

The use of indigenous ecological resources for pest control in Africa

The use of indigenous ecological resources for pest control in Africa

Optimization of Extraction Conditions and Phytochemical Screening of Root Extract of Synadenium glaucescens Pax

Is Validation of Indigenous Ecological Knowledge a Disrespectful Process? A Case Study of Traditional Fishing Poisons and Invasive Fish Management from the Wet Tropics, Australia

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