1970
DOI: 10.1126/science.170.3956.460
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Plasticizers from Plastic Devices: Extraction, Metabolism, and Accumulation by Biological Systems

Abstract: Phthalate ester plasticizers were found to be extracted by blood from plastic tubing and from plastic bags used for blood storage. One such plasticizer was metabolized by the isolated perfused rat liver while another was found to be accumulated in the liver unchanged. In addition, this latter plasticizer was identified in samples of human tissue taken from patients who had received transfusions of blood stored in plastic bags. The biological implications of these observations are considered.

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Cited by 350 publications
(115 citation statements)
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“…More recently, however, observations that (i) considerable amounts of phthalate esters have been incorporated into blood storage bags made of polyvinyl chloride and into other plastic devices with medical applications and that (ii) patients can absorb and retain phthalates from these sources have focused attention on the possible chronic effects of exposure to these compounds (23). In 1970 DEHP was detected in the tissues and organs of two deceased patients who had previously received transfusions (9). The potential for DEHP accumulation in blood (10) and red cell concentrates (20) was found to be high during the storage of these materials in bags made of polyvinyl chloride.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…More recently, however, observations that (i) considerable amounts of phthalate esters have been incorporated into blood storage bags made of polyvinyl chloride and into other plastic devices with medical applications and that (ii) patients can absorb and retain phthalates from these sources have focused attention on the possible chronic effects of exposure to these compounds (23). In 1970 DEHP was detected in the tissues and organs of two deceased patients who had previously received transfusions (9). The potential for DEHP accumulation in blood (10) and red cell concentrates (20) was found to be high during the storage of these materials in bags made of polyvinyl chloride.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Although it has previously been assumed that the phthalate esters would be hydrolyzed to free phthalic acid and the alcohol in the gut and the products of digestion absorbed, the more recent information suggests that some phthalate may be absorbed unchanged and that metabolism in the rat may not proceed greatly beyond the monoester stage (14). The structure of the phthalate ester may be an important factor in determining the site and rate of metabolism, since butyl glycolylbutyl phthalate was metabolized by isolated perfused rat liver, whereas DEHP accumulated in the liver unchanged (18 The significance of the teratogenic effects following IP administration of large doses of phthalate cannot be assessed in terms of the normal dietary exposure. For safety evalua-tions of substances that may enter the diet, emphasis must be placed on the results of oral toxicity studies, and there is a need to carry out studies with phthalates given orally at levels related to their possible daily intake.…”
Section: Ethylphthalyl Ethyl Glycolate (Epeg)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Hydrolysis of DEHP may not occur in the liver. When isolated rat livers were perfused with solutions containing DEHP, the DEHP was not metabolized but accumulated in that organ, primarily in the unmetabolized form (18).…”
Section: Dibutyl Phthalatementioning
confidence: 99%
“…EDCs interfere with normal male reproductive development by acting as environmental estrogens or anti-androgens, or via other potential mechanisms 9) . On the other hand, Jager and Rubin 10) reported on the presence of a plasticizer, di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), in the tissues and organs of two deceased patients who had previously received blood transfusions. The blood had been stored in bags made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plasticized with DEHP.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%