Pneumococcal carriage in children with COVID-19

Aykaç, Kübra; Özsürekçi, Yasemin; Yayla, Burcu Ceylan Cura; Evren, Kübra; Gürlevik, Sibel Laçinel; Oygar, Pembe Derin; Yücel, Mihriban; Karakoç, Ayşe Esra; Alp, Alpaslan; Cengiz, Ali Bülent; Ceyhan, Mehmet

doi:10.1080/21645515.2020.1849516

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Despite the overall low abundance of Streptococcus in the entire study population, a positive correlation was found between this genus and the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in children. In line with our results, Aykaca et al assessed pneumococcal carriage in children and found higher rates in those with COVID-19 than in non-infected children, yet no effects were observed in the course of COVID-19 disease [38].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota of Children and Adults Self-Confined at Home

Rocafort

Henares

Brotons

et al. 2022

Viruses

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The increased incidence of COVID-19 cases and deaths in Spain in March 2020 led to the declaration by the Spanish government of a state of emergency imposing strict confinement measures on the population. The objective of this study was to characterize the nasopharyngeal microbiota of children and adults and its relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity during the pandemic lockdown in Spain. This cross-sectional study included family households located in metropolitan Barcelona, Spain, with one adult with a previous confirmed COVID-19 episode and one or more exposed co-habiting child contacts. Nasopharyngeal swabs were used to determine SARS-CoV-2 infection status, characterize the nasopharyngeal microbiota and determine common respiratory DNA/RNA viral co-infections. A total of 173 adult cases and 470 exposed children were included. Overall, a predominance of Corynebacterium and Dolosigranulum and a limited abundance of common pathobionts including Haemophilus and Streptococcus were found both among adults and children. Children with current SARS-CoV-2 infection presented higher bacterial richness and increased Fusobacterium, Streptococcus and Prevotella abundance than non-infected children. Among adults, persistent SARS-CoV-2 RNA was associated with an increased abundance of an unclassified member of the Actinomycetales order. COVID-19 severity was associated with increased Staphylococcus and reduced Dolosigranulum abundance. The stringent COVID-19 lockdown in Spain had a significant impact on the nasopharyngeal microbiota of children, reflected in the limited abundance of common respiratory pathobionts and the predominance of Corynebacterium, regardless of SARS-CoV-2 detection. COVID-19 severity in adults was associated with decreased nasopharynx levels of healthy commensal bacteria.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota of Children and Adults Self-Confined at Home

Rocafort

Henares

Brotons

et al. 2022

Viruses

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“…Reasons for the discrepancy between the three studies could be different study settings (day care centres vs outpatient care facilities) and/or the composition of age groups of children (<3 years vs 24–60 months of age), although a significant increase was also detected in children aged 24–35 months in the present study. Also, SARS-CoV-2 co-infection could have impacted pneumococcal carriage rates in some children, as it has been shown that the nasopharyngeal carriage rate of S. pneumoniae in patients with COVID-19 was higher compared with that in non-infected children ( Aykac et al., 2021 ; Howard, 2021 ). This was probably not the reason for the increased prevalence of S. pneumoniae carriage in the present study population, as only one colonized child had previous COVID-19 infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in children under 5 years of age at an outpatient healthcare facility in Novi Sad, Serbia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Petrović¹,

Milosavljevic²,

Djilas³

et al. 2022

IJID Regions

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“…Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is the most commonly reported bacteria associated with co/secondary infections [12]. It was the predominant coinfecting pathogen during the influenza pandemics of the late 1800s [13] and has also been observed in the coinfection cases during the COVID-19 pandemic [14][15][16].…”

Section: Overview Of Streptococcus Pneumoniaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, the S. pneumoniae carriage rate in patients with SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to be higher than in noninfected patients; this could be pathogenic due to the weakened immune system of COVID-19 patients [15]. As such, administering pneumococcal 13valent conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and pneumococcal 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) would effectively prevent the most severe coinfections during the COVID-19 pandemic [12].…”

Section: Overview Of Streptococcus Pneumoniaementioning

confidence: 99%

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Promising Expectations for Pneumococcal Vaccination during COVID-19

Ser

Sim

et al. 2021

Vaccines

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The emergence of new viral infections has increased over the decades. The novel virus is one such pathogen liable for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, popularly known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Most fatalities during the past century’s influenza pandemics have cooperated with bacterial co/secondary infections. Unfortunately, many reports have claimed that bacterial co-infection is also predominant in COVID-19 patients (COVID-19 associated co/secondary infection prevalence is up to 45.0%). In the COVID-19 pandemic, Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common coinfecting pathogen. Half of the COVID-19 mortality cases showed co-infection, and pneumonia-related COVID-19 mortality in patients >65 years was 23%. The weakening of immune function caused by COVID-19 remains a high-risk factor for pneumococcal disease. Pneumococcal disease and COVID-19 also have similar risk factors. For example, underlying medical conditions on COVID-19 and pneumococcal diseases increase the risk for severe illness at any age; COVID-19 is now considered a primary risk factor for pneumococcal pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease. Thus, pneumococcal vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic has become more critical than ever. This review presents positive studies of pneumococcal vaccination in patients with COVID-19 and other medical conditions and the correlational effects of pneumococcal disease with COVID-19 to prevent morbidity and mortality from co/secondary infections and superinfections. It also reports the importance and role of pneumococcal vaccination during the current COVID-19 pandemic era to strengthen the global health system.

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Pneumococcal carriage in children with COVID-19

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota of Children and Adults Self-Confined at Home

Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota of Children and Adults Self-Confined at Home

Pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in children under 5 years of age at an outpatient healthcare facility in Novi Sad, Serbia during the COVID-19 pandemic

Promising Expectations for Pneumococcal Vaccination during COVID-19

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