Pneumomediastinum: etiology and a guide to diagnosis and treatment

Banki, Farzaneh; Estrera, Anthony L.; Harrison, Ryan G.; Miller, Charles C.; Leake, Samuel S.; Mitchell, Kyle G.; Khalil, Kamal; Safi, Hazim J.; Kaiser, Larry R.

doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2013.08.009

Cited by 70 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…There are case reports in the literature, so that there is no consensus on investigation parameters and for treatment of SPM [4,5]. Pneumomediastinum is frequently over-evaluated because of the clinical suspicion of an esophageal or tracheal injury.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pneumomediastinum is frequently over-evaluated because of the clinical suspicion of an esophageal or tracheal injury. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum has known to be associated with forceful exercise or situations reproducing the Valsalva maneuver, asthma, respiratory infections, severe cough and vomiting, childbirth, smoking and inhalation of drugs, such as marijuana and cocaine [4]. SPM is mostly seen in young, thin male patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous pneumomediastinum is not complicated

Unaldi¹,

Özer²,

Çardak³

et al. 2017

Curr Thorac Surg

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous pneumomediastinum is not complicated

Unaldi¹,

Özer²,

Çardak³

et al. 2017

Curr Thorac Surg

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“…In cattle, the condition is most common in cows after calving, due either to exacerbation of preexisting chronic pulmonary disease or as a result of exertion during parturition (DIVERS, 2007). It has also been described as a complication of bronchopneumonia in cattle (BEZEK et al, 1995). In horses it can be a sequel to trauma (HASSEL, 2007), and in cats it is associated with feline pulmonary herpes virus infection, anesthesia and tracheal tear or rupture (MAES et al, 2011).…”

Section: Descrevementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In horses it can be a sequel to trauma (HASSEL, 2007), and in cats it is associated with feline pulmonary herpes virus infection, anesthesia and tracheal tear or rupture (MAES et al, 2011). In humans, pneumomediastinum is a consequence of a wide variety of causes, including esophageal, tracheal, bronchial or alveolar trauma (BANKI et al, 2013); infl ammation; or neoplasia (MAES et al, 2011). Cases have also been reported wherein pneumomediastinum is a consequence of pneumonia due to infection by Staphylococcus spp.…”

Section: Descrevementioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema in a rabid bull

et al. 2015

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“…In eighty percent of PM the etiologic factors are traumatic factors [3]. Blunt traumas compose 86% of traumatic factors whereas penetrating traumas or iatrogenic injuries during mechanical ventilation or endoscopic procedures compose 14% [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Approach for the Pneumomediastinum after Blunt Chest Trauma

Kavurmacı¹,

Akçam²,

Özdil³

et al. 2017

OJTS

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Objective: Pneumomediastinum (PM) can be observed after blunt and penetrating chest trauma. Most of the patients with PM due to trauma can be managed conservatively. This study aimed to evaluate the cases with PM on thorax computed tomography (CT) after blunt chest trauma (BCT). Methods: Medical records of patients with PM due to BCT between January 2000 and December 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. Thorax CT was used to verify pneumomediastinum in all patients. Twenty-four patients which had different causes of PM (penetrating trauma, iatrogenic, spontaneous) were excluded from the study. Data of sixty-nine patients with the diagnosis of PM secondary to BCT and who were observed without any further procedure for the cause of PM, were evaluated retrospectively. Results: There were 59 male and 10 female patients with the mean age of 47.60 ± 17.47 years (range, 16 to 80 years). The most common cause of PM etiology was traffic accident with a rate of 38 (55.06%) patients, followed by fall from height in 25 (36.24%), compression in 3 (4.35%) and drubbing in 3 (4.35%) patients. There was a 12.46 ± 6.42 days (range, 6 to 28 days) mean duration of chest tube drainage which was performed for accompanying pathologies like pneumothorax and hemothorax. No complication was determined for short and long term follow-up of patients when all hospital records were analyzed in terms of complication. Conclusions: PM after BCT may be a marker of esophageal and tracheobronchial injury and invasive procedures like bronchoscopy and endoscopy can be needed for differential diagnosis. We evaluated 69 patients in good general status and no need for intensive care management with PM in this study and observed them without any further procedure. As a result of these findings we concluded that for the PM patients after BCT with uneventful clinical course, conservative treatment without any further procedure is a safe and sufficient method.

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Pneumomediastinum: etiology and a guide to diagnosis and treatment

Cited by 70 publications

References 26 publications

Diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous pneumomediastinum is not complicated

Diagnosis and treatment of spontaneous pneumomediastinum is not complicated

Pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema in a rabid bull

Clinical Approach for the Pneumomediastinum after Blunt Chest Trauma

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