Policies and strategies for reducing food loss and waste in Indonesia

Abstract

Food loss and waste (FLW) have become one of the targets for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which was agreed to achieve in 2030. This paper aims to provide policy recommendations and strategies to reduce FLW to achieve sustainable food and nutrition security in Indonesia. This paper used secondary data from FAO, BAPPENAS, and various references. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. FAO shows that one-third of the food available for human consumption at the global level is lost or wasted during the harvest process and at home. Meanwhile, according to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, 44% of the landfill in Indonesia is food waste. The EIU report states Indonesia is one of the largest food waste-producing countries globally, with 300 kg/capita/year. BAPPENAS estimates that the amount of FLW in Indonesia during 2000-2019 ranges from 115-184 kg/capita/year. This paper recommends the importance of formulating a national policy on FLW reduction and provision of the national FLW data. The use of technology in the food supply chain from harvested until distributed to the retail level will reduce food loss. The strategy to reduce food waste requires socialization, education, and massive movement. Early education-related culture for not to waste food are essential things to do. Implementing rules and strategies for reducing FLW will significantly increase food availability and realize sustainable food security and nutrition in Indonesia.

Food Insecurity in Greece and across the Globe: A Narrative Literature Review

“…Reducing food loss and waste, apart from being an ethical priority [98], may enhance food security through improving nutritional status and health in an environmentally sustainable manner [99], and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, a well-known driver of climate change [93,100]. Utilizing, in this direction, cutting edge technology across the food supply chain (including advancements in artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, robotics and automation [101]) may significantly reduce food loss [102].…”

Examining Policy Aspects of Food Waste in Indonesia

“…H. P. Saliem et al [12] have written a paper which clearly state that policy on food waste reduction is essential. However, the research needs provide a detailed list of the regulations that Indonesia has in place regarding food waste and their strengths and weaknesses.…”

The Drivers of Food Loss at the Farm Level: A Study of Farmers in Salatiga, Central Java, Indonesia

“…However, another study found that harvesting time does not significantly affect food loss; instead, some factors that significantly affect food loss were field area, farmers' behavior, variety of paddy, and threshing tools [25]. Technology's importance in reducing food loss, particularly for chili and rice, has been reported [18]. Furthermore, in the case of consumer FLW, some efforts will be required to change the behavior of consumers, including intensive and massive education, socialization, and communication among stakeholders [18].…”

“…Technology's importance in reducing food loss, particularly for chili and rice, has been reported [18]. Furthermore, in the case of consumer FLW, some efforts will be required to change the behavior of consumers, including intensive and massive education, socialization, and communication among stakeholders [18]. 1, it can be calculated the average field area is 4,557 m 2 or 0,456 hectare, while the average yield is 1,325 kg per harvesting season or equal to 2,905.70 kg/hectare.…”

“…The Indonesian Ministry of National Development Planning report categorized the FLW drivers into two groups, namely direct cause (D) and indirect driver (I) [15]. A study on food waste has been conducted in Indonesia, which is related to the management of food waste [16], recommendations on food waste control [17], and policies and strategies to reduce food loss and waste in Indonesia [18]. However, the study is minimal in terms of food loss and waste, particularly in Salatiga.…”