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This research is motivated by a number of retired TNI members who are candidates for the Regional Parliament of Banjar City, West Java. This research tries to answer (1) What motivates retired TNI personnel into politics, (2) How is the strategy carried out by TNI Retired Candidates in winning the legislative elections in Banjar City in 2019, this study uses qualitative methods, with a phenomenological study approach that is a study that seeks looking for the "essence" of the meaning of a phenomenon. Data collection is done through in-depth interviews, observation, documentation studies and literature studies. The informants in this study were retired TNI, elite and cadres of PDIP, Golkar, Gerindra and the United Nations in Banjar City. This study explains that there are three factors that cause retirement to enter the local political arena: First, the dynamics of local politics; second, retired internal factors; third, political party recruitment factors are poor. This study explains the strategy carried out by retired officers in winning the legislative election with a pattern of iteration clientelism and personalistic clientelism, the choice of the pattern because retired officers have a strong network formed while serving in the military, and the network building is very sturdy because the formation process is long. This pattern is also carried out because it is very effective in socializing themselves. In addition it can minimize political costs. This research concludes that the inclusion of retired military officers in local politics has nothing to do with their previous military agencies, but retired officers use the power of networks that they had made while in the military as their strength and winning strategy.Keywords: Patronage, Clientelism, Elections, Retired. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh beberapa purnawiran TNI yang menjadi Caleg DPRD Kota Banjar, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini mencoba menjawab (1) Apa motivasi purnawirawan TNI masuk dalam Politik, (2) Bagaimana strategi yang dijalankan oleh Caleg Purnawirawan TNI dalam memenangkan pemilu legislatif di Kota Banjar tahun 2019, Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan pendekatan studi fenomenologi yaitu studi yang berusaha mencari “esensi” makna dari suatu fenomena. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, studi dokumentasi dan studi pustaka. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah purnawirawan TNI, elit dan kader PDIP, Golkar, Gerindra dan PBB di Kota Banjar. Penelitian ini menjelaskan ada tiga faktor yang menyebabkan masuknya purnawirawan dalam kancah politik lokal : Pertama, Dinamika politik lokal; kedua, faktor internal purnawirawan; ketiga, faktor Rekrutmen politik Parpol yang buruk. Penelitian ini menjelaskan strategi yang dilakukan oleh purnawirawan dalam memenangkan Pileg dengan pola klientelisme iterasi dan klientelisme personalistik, pilihan pada pola tersebut karena purnawirawan memiliki jaringan kuat yang terbentuk saat bertugas di militer, dan bangunan jaringannya sangat kokoh karena proses pembentukannya lama. Pola ini juga dilakukan karena sangat efektif dalam mensosialisasikan diri. Selain itu dapat meminimalisir biaya politik. penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa masuknya purnawirawan dalam politik lokal tidak ada hubungannnya dengan instansi militernya sebelumnya, akan tetapi purnawirawan menggunakan kekutan jaringan yang pernah dibuatnya saat di militer sebagai kekuatan dan strategi pemenangannya. Kata Kunci : Patronase, Klientelisme, Pemilu, Purnawirawan.
This research is motivated by a number of retired TNI members who are candidates for the Regional Parliament of Banjar City, West Java. This research tries to answer (1) What motivates retired TNI personnel into politics, (2) How is the strategy carried out by TNI Retired Candidates in winning the legislative elections in Banjar City in 2019, this study uses qualitative methods, with a phenomenological study approach that is a study that seeks looking for the "essence" of the meaning of a phenomenon. Data collection is done through in-depth interviews, observation, documentation studies and literature studies. The informants in this study were retired TNI, elite and cadres of PDIP, Golkar, Gerindra and the United Nations in Banjar City. This study explains that there are three factors that cause retirement to enter the local political arena: First, the dynamics of local politics; second, retired internal factors; third, political party recruitment factors are poor. This study explains the strategy carried out by retired officers in winning the legislative election with a pattern of iteration clientelism and personalistic clientelism, the choice of the pattern because retired officers have a strong network formed while serving in the military, and the network building is very sturdy because the formation process is long. This pattern is also carried out because it is very effective in socializing themselves. In addition it can minimize political costs. This research concludes that the inclusion of retired military officers in local politics has nothing to do with their previous military agencies, but retired officers use the power of networks that they had made while in the military as their strength and winning strategy.Keywords: Patronage, Clientelism, Elections, Retired. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh beberapa purnawiran TNI yang menjadi Caleg DPRD Kota Banjar, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini mencoba menjawab (1) Apa motivasi purnawirawan TNI masuk dalam Politik, (2) Bagaimana strategi yang dijalankan oleh Caleg Purnawirawan TNI dalam memenangkan pemilu legislatif di Kota Banjar tahun 2019, Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif, dengan pendekatan studi fenomenologi yaitu studi yang berusaha mencari “esensi” makna dari suatu fenomena. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, studi dokumentasi dan studi pustaka. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah purnawirawan TNI, elit dan kader PDIP, Golkar, Gerindra dan PBB di Kota Banjar. Penelitian ini menjelaskan ada tiga faktor yang menyebabkan masuknya purnawirawan dalam kancah politik lokal : Pertama, Dinamika politik lokal; kedua, faktor internal purnawirawan; ketiga, faktor Rekrutmen politik Parpol yang buruk. Penelitian ini menjelaskan strategi yang dilakukan oleh purnawirawan dalam memenangkan Pileg dengan pola klientelisme iterasi dan klientelisme personalistik, pilihan pada pola tersebut karena purnawirawan memiliki jaringan kuat yang terbentuk saat bertugas di militer, dan bangunan jaringannya sangat kokoh karena proses pembentukannya lama. Pola ini juga dilakukan karena sangat efektif dalam mensosialisasikan diri. Selain itu dapat meminimalisir biaya politik. penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa masuknya purnawirawan dalam politik lokal tidak ada hubungannnya dengan instansi militernya sebelumnya, akan tetapi purnawirawan menggunakan kekutan jaringan yang pernah dibuatnya saat di militer sebagai kekuatan dan strategi pemenangannya. Kata Kunci : Patronase, Klientelisme, Pemilu, Purnawirawan.
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