Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils from the Central-Himalaya region: Distribution, sources, and risks to humans and wildlife

Bi, Xiang; Luo, Wei; Gao, Jiajia; Xu, Lan; Guo, Junming; Zhang, Qianggong; Romesh, Kumar Y.; Giesy, John P.; Kang, Shichang; Boer, Jacob de

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.006

Cited by 53 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There was no statistical significance among the three different soils except for that between mountain and urban area (Figure S1). The mountain in this study was close to the city with low altitude, however, the concentration of 16PAHs was similar to that of a remote mountain with high altitudes (Figure 2), such as those in Nepal and Central Himalaya [36]. Accordingly, it was reasonable to regard montane soil in this study as the background soil.…”

Section: Pahs Levelsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Distribution of the Soil PAHs and Health Risk Influenced by Coal Usage Processes in Taiyuan City, Northern China

Cheng

Cui

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The quality of urban soil is closely related to the safety of public places and the guarantee of food quality. This study investigated the level, distribution, source, and carcinogenic risk of 16 U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban, agricultural, and montane soil in Taiyuan. The ∑16PAHs level varied from 104.78 to 6594.63 ng g−1 with a mean of 922.93 ng g−1, and 47.73% of the soil samples were severely contaminated, with a concentration higher than 600 ng g−1. PAHs with higher molecular weight (≥4 rings) were dominant in PAHs profiles accounting for 80.92%. In the spatial distribution of PAHs, hotspots of ∑16 PAHs were observed near the industries, indicating pollutants emitted by the industries directly affect the surrounding soil quality. The sources identified by positive matrix factorization (PMF) indicated: coal combustion (40.77%), vehicle exhausts (32.94%), biomass combustion (14.89%), and coking source (11.40%). Coal-related sources (coal and coking sources) were the major contributors (52.17%) to PAHs and carcinogenic risk (46.48%) assessed by BaP toxic equivalent concentration in total soils. Therefore, the extensive usage of coal was the leading factor for PAH pollution and health risk in Taiyuan soil.

show abstract

Section: Pahs Levelsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Distribution of the Soil PAHs and Health Risk Influenced by Coal Usage Processes in Taiyuan City, Northern China

Cheng

Cui

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The PAH concentrations in the study area were compared with those in soils from other parts of China to obtain a clearer understanding of the local concentrations. As shown in Table 2, the 16 PAHs level of soils in the study area is moderate but exceeds the levels in sediments of Adriatic Sea (Magi et al, 2002), farmland soils in Shanghai (Jia et al, 2017) and in soils of the Central Himalaya range (Bi et al, 2016). However, the value is lower than that in the urban soils of Novocherkassk, Seoul, and Shanghai (Wang R. W. et al, 2013;Sushkova et al, 2019;Tarafdar et al, 2020) that are affected by anthropogenic pollution sources such as dense traffic and combustion of fossil fuels.…”

Section: Pahs' Concentrations Pah Concentrations and Teq Values Of Soilsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil in a coal mining area, East China: Spatial distribution, sources, and carcinogenic risk assessment

Ren

Zheng²,

Hu³

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollution process in mining areas, particularly coal mining areas, has accelerated because of coal chemical production and gangue accumulation. In this study, PHAs concentrations in surface soil was determined via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The composition, spatial distribution and sources of PAHs were analyzed, and their potential carcinogenic risks were evaluated.Results showed a wide PAH concentration range (218–1548 ng g−1). The high molecular weight proportion in contaminated areas was significantly higher than in uncontaminated areas. Clear differences in PAH distribution were detected in contaminated areas, with higher concentrations in the soils near an industrial park and coal gangue piles. The results of positive matrix factorization (PMF) in contaminated area revealed that coking, oil and biomass combustion, and vehicle emissions and coal combustion, contributed 31%, 26%, 24%, and 19%, respectively, to the detected PAHs. In contrast with the 10% contribution rate of the coking source in uncontaminated areas. The Monte Carlo method was used to assess the cancer risk to residents in the study areas. The carcinogenic health risk values for adults in the contaminated areas was higher than the safety standard (2.92 × 10−6) prescribed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency at 95% confidence level. Sensitivity analysis showed that the relative exposure duration (ED) and soil surface area of skin exposure were the most significant parameters for adults, and ED and body weight for children. The cancer risk for both adults and children in contaminated areas was five times than that in uncontaminated areas.

show abstract

“…Different individual PAHs have different toxic effects, so the toxic equivalence factors (TEFs) were used to determine the toxic equivalence concentration (TEQ BaP ) of soil PAHs [ 61 ]. Table 6 shows the TEF values of PAHs and the TEQ BaP concentrations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Farmland Soils near Highways: A Case Study of Guangzhou, China

Zhang

et al. 2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, the rapid growth in vehicle activity in rapidly urbanized areas has led to the discharge of large amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) into roadside soils and these compounds have gradually accumulated in the soil, which poses a serious threat to national food security and public health. However, previous studies did not clearly investigate the seasonal differences in PAH pollution of roadside soil by different highways. Therefore, based on field investigations, this study collected 84 soil surface samples to compare the pollution characteristics of 16 PAHs in farmland soils located near different roads in different seasons in Guangzhou, China. The results showed that the concentration of Σ16PAHs in farmland soils in spring (with a mean value of 258.604 μg/kg) was much higher than that in autumn (with a mean value of 157.531 μg/kg). There are differences in the PAH compositions in spring (4 ring > 3 ring > 5 ring > 6 ring) and autumn (4 ring > 5 ring > 6 ring > 3 ring). The proportion of 4–6 ring PAHs was much higher than 2–3 ring PAHs in both seasons. The spatial differences were significant. The sampling areas with higher concentrations of 16 PAHs were Tanbu Town, Huadu District (TB), Shitan Town, Zengcheng District (ST), and Huashan Town, Huadu District (HS), while the lowest concentration was in Lanhe Town, Nansha District (LH). The results of the diagnostic ratios showed that the main source of soil PAHs consists of a mixed source from petroleum and biomass combustion. The results from the total pollution assessment method and Nemerow index method indicated that the pollution levels of PAHs in the farmland soils indicated weak contamination. Our study provides a scientific basis for the prevention and control of soil pollution in farmlands near highways.

show abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils from the Central-Himalaya region: Distribution, sources, and risks to humans and wildlife

Cited by 53 publications

References 52 publications

Distribution of the Soil PAHs and Health Risk Influenced by Coal Usage Processes in Taiyuan City, Northern China

Distribution of the Soil PAHs and Health Risk Influenced by Coal Usage Processes in Taiyuan City, Northern China

Characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil in a coal mining area, East China: Spatial distribution, sources, and carcinogenic risk assessment

Environmental Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Farmland Soils near Highways: A Case Study of Guangzhou, China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About