Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of pyrolytic origin in ancient sediments: evidence for Jurassic vegetation fires

Killops, S. D.; Massoud, M.S.

doi:10.1016/0146-6380(92)90137-m

Cited by 134 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The ratios of 2-methyl to 1-methylphenanthrene and 3-me thyl to 1-methylphenanthrene fall within a nar A characteristic feature of these mono and dimethyl PAHs is that their ratios of I to a-iso mers are roughly constant individually over the sediments above, within and below the boundary claystone, although the ratios are different from each other. Peri-condensed PAHs are chemically more stable than linear-condensed PAHs during sediment diagenesis (Killops and Massoud, 1992). The higher concentrations of phenanthrene over anthracene and pyrene over chrysene are clearly observed for all of the K/T sediments at Kawaruppu (Table 2).…”

Section: Effect Of Diagenesismentioning

confidence: 83%

Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the K/T boundary sediments at Kawaruppu, Hokkaido, Japan.

Mita

Shimoyama

1999

Geochem. J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

, JapanTwenty six polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from naphthalene to coronene were found in the K/T boundary sediments at Kawaruppu, Hokkaido, Japan and their concentrations were estimated except for naphthalene. Another 28 PAHs were found qualitatively. The total concentration of those 25 PAHs (except naphthalene) in each sediment was in the range of 2.3 to 11.4 nmol g-1 and showed no specific feature for the boundary claystone or for sediments above and below it. Individual PAHs were present at the level of sub-nmol g-1 or less. Higher concentrations in the sediments within the claystone than those above and below it were observed for parent (i.e., non-alkylated) tetracyclic PAHs and to a certain extent larger peri-condensed parent PAHs. It is not likely that the higher concentrations within the claystone were due to the 65 million year diagenesis because of roughly constant ratios of /3 to a-alkylated PAHs in the sediments above, within and below the boundary claystone. The observation may indicate a possible com bustion origin of those PAHs within the boundary claystone, although evidence at Kawaruppu is not so strong as at Stevns Klint, Gubbio and Woodside Creek.

show abstract

Section: Effect Of Diagenesismentioning

confidence: 83%

Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the K/T boundary sediments at Kawaruppu, Hokkaido, Japan.

Mita

Shimoyama

1999

Geochem. J.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On the other hand, in the present case, the organic horizons of the most recently burned site were not completely burned out, which favors the intense sorption and accumulation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in these soils, but it is worth mentioning that the time of the pyrogenic PAH presence in the soil could differ, depending on the conditions. Thus, even on a geological scale, the elevated PAH concentration in the deposits of the Cretaceous and Jurassic periods could be explained by ubiquitous occurrence of wildfire (Killops and Massourd, 1992;Marynowski et al, 2011;Belcher, 2006). However, according to GarciaFalcoan (2006), the concentrations in burned organo-mineral soils remained high only during the first 3 months after the fire and, then, PAHs were reduced by soil processes including degradation and migration.…”

Section: The Pah Accumulation In Soils Of Burned Sites Of Different Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in post-fire soils of drained peatlands in western Meshchera (Moscow region, Russia)

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are priority pollutants that arrive in the environment from numerous anthropogenic and natural sources, but the data on their natural sources including wildfires remain insufficient. The level of contamination and the composition of PAHs in soils of the areas affected by wildfires were studied in this work. The study was conducted in the Moscow region (Russia) in areas occupied by drained peatland and strongly damaged by fires in 2002, 2010 and 2012. The features of PAH accumulation and the profile distributions in histosols and histic podzols after the fires of different times were analyzed. It was shown that new soil horizons formed after the fires -Cpir, Hpir and incipient O horizons -and that these horizons differ in PAH accumulation rate. Maximal total concentrations of 14 PAHs were detected in charred peat horizons Hpir (up to 330 ng g −1 ) and in postfire incipient O horizons (up to 180 ng g −1 ), but the highmolecular-weight PAHs (benz(ghi)perylene, benz(a)pyrene, benz(k)fluoranthene) were revealed only in charry peat horizons. The trends of higher PAH concentrations were found in cases when smoldering combustion resulted in rather thick residual peat horizons. In cases of almost complete pyrogenic destruction of He horizons, total PAH concentrations were no more than 50 ng g −1 . Also, PAH accumulation in upper horizons of soils near the sites of the latest fires was observed.

show abstract

“…Killops and Massoud 1992), for example with pyrolytic residues (e.g. Geissman et al 1967) arising from OM alteration by hydrothermal activity (Kawka and Simoneit 1990) or low-grade metamorphism (Heymann et al 2003).…”

Section: Thermal History Of Ommentioning

confidence: 99%

Preserved organic matter in a fossil Ocean Continent Transition in the Alps: the example of Totalp, SE Switzerland

Mateeva¹,

Wolff²,

Manatschal³

et al. 2017

Swiss J Geosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evidence from ultraslow spreading mid-ocean ridges and both fossil and present-day Ocean-Continent Transitions (OCT) demonstrates that mantle serpentinization resulting from the interaction of mantle rock and water during tectonic exhumation is widespread. Observations at white smokers in modern ocean settings suggest that methane produced by serpentinization can support methanotrophic bio-systems, which use methane as the only source of carbon. An important question is whether such bio-systems are more generally pervasive in their association with serpentinized mantle in the subsurface. In this study, we examined whether there is evidence for such a methanotrophic system in exhumed serpentinized mantle at a magma-poor rifted continental margin, by probing for characteristic biological markers in these and associated sedimentary rocks in the Totalp unit of SE Switzerland. This unit represents a remnant of the former OCT of the southern Alpine Tethyan margin and was chosen because of its mild Alpine tectonic and low-grade metamorphic overprint during Alpine orogeny, hence giving potential for the preservation of indigenous organic matter (OM). Totalp samples are characterized by low organic carbon contents of 11-647 ppm. The majority of the samples contain hydrocarbons in the form of n-alkanes in the range C 17 -C 36 . Some sediments contain isoprenoids, for example pristane and phytane and a suite of steranes that are consistent with a marine origin for the OM preserved in the rocks. Traces of marine planktonic and bacterial OM are preserved in the serpentinized mantle and overlying sediments of this ancient Tethyan OCT, but there is no evidence that the OM has been generated from methanotrophic bio-systems.

show abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of pyrolytic origin in ancient sediments: evidence for Jurassic vegetation fires

Cited by 134 publications

References 23 publications

Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the K/T boundary sediments at Kawaruppu, Hokkaido, Japan.

Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the K/T boundary sediments at Kawaruppu, Hokkaido, Japan.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in post-fire soils of drained peatlands in western Meshchera (Moscow region, Russia)

Preserved organic matter in a fossil Ocean Continent Transition in the Alps: the example of Totalp, SE Switzerland

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About