Polyester polyol synthesis by alternating copolymerization of propylene oxide with cyclic acid anhydrides by using double metal cyanide catalyst

Zn–Cr double metal cyanide catalysts synthesized by ball milling for the copolymerization of CO2/propylene oxide, phthalic anhydride/propylene oxide, and CO2/propylene oxide/phthalic anhydride

“…When comparing the properties of the obtained polymers it can also be concluded that Zn-Cr DMC played a significant role in the subsequent copolymerizations and terpolymerization. It is worth noting that the Zn-Cr DMC catalysts prepared in this work by employing ball mill is competitive with that synthesized in the traditional way as reported in recent literatures, with regard to catalytic activity, selectivity and product properties in the polymerizations of CO 2 /PO, PA /PO, CO 2 / PO/PA [6,7,9]. Mn and narrower PDI are a good indication of the merit of ball milling for DMC synthesis [11].…”

“…4c) for poly (PO-co-PA) demonstrated the product formation. According to the 1 H NMR, the content of polyester in PPA was 57%, and the contents of PA and PO were 36.4% and 63.6%, respectively [7]. Fig.…”

“…To establish a viable "greener" atom-efficient route for the synthesis of polyesters, more interest has grown in the polymerization of epoxides with CO 2 or cyclic anhydrides using various catalysts since Inoue and coworkers used diethyl zinc as catalysts for the two copolymerizations [3][4][5][6][7]. Among all the catalytic systems, double metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst as a typical heterogeneous catalyst showed high activity.…”

“…Among all the catalytic systems, double metal cyanide (DMC) catalyst as a typical heterogeneous catalyst showed high activity. A number of copolymers were synthesized successfully employing various DMC catalysts through conventional methods [6][7][8][9]. However, tedious procedures of DMC preparation in conventional solvent-based methods are a waste of time, energy and materials.…”

Chemical Technologies for Exploiting and Recycling Carbon Dioxideinto the Value Chain

“…Also the terpolymerization with cyclic acid anhydrides is feasible. [157] Fundamentally, one differentiates between two distinct catalyst classes: in case of cobalt(III)-catalysts, [158][159][160][161] chromium(III)-salen and -salan complexes, [116,163] aluminum(III)-salen complexes [164] or Lewis acidic compounds [117,162] such as zinc glutarate, [165,166] zinc diiminate -ethylsulfinate [167] or rare-earth complexes [168] as catalysts, polyalkylenecarbonates with alternating repetition units are obtained; in contrast, if one uses double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts, one acquires polyalkylenecarbonates, in which ether units occur besides the carbonate linkages. While alternating polypropylenecarbonate is on the market, the production of non-alternating polypropylenecarbonate is currently being commercialized.…”