Polymer channel waveguides with low loss at 1.3 μm

Imamura, Saburo; Yoshimura, R.; Izawa, T.

doi:10.1049/el:19910845

Cited by 78 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…60%); • Gravimetry (10 -5 g precision), to estimate thickness of the fluorinated layer on the PMMA films after plasma, using density of known partially fluorinated polymer (PVDF: d = 1.75-1.80 g/cm 3 ) [12] ; • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with Energy dispersive spectroscopy probe (EDS) (LEO 440i); • Atomic force microscopy (AFM) (AutoProbe CPII).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PMMA can be deposited by many techniques as plasma polymerization, thermal deposition, RF sputtering, etc [1,2] . In optical devices, PMMA shows the best optical properties among transparent polymers, being a very common core material in polymeric optical fibers, waveguides and optical interconnect [3] .For this, the use of polymers have been studied due to the intrinsic versatility molecular structure that allows advantageous refractive index modeling for core and cladding, and also to their easy fabrication process or patterning capability [4,5] . Low refractive index is a requirement for cladding material and it is usually achieved with fluorinated polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of plasma fluorination variables on the deposition and growth of partially fluorinated polymer over PMMA films

Padilha¹,

Giacon²,

Bartoli³

2013

Polímeros

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Abstract:In this work, an investigation was made of the modification of film surface of Poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) using the plasma polymerization technique. PMMA films 10 µm thick were obtained by Spin-Coating starting from a chloroform solution (15.36% w/w). The films were exposed to the plasma of CHF 3 at different gas pressures and exposure times to increase the thickness of fluorinated polymers onto PMMA films. The plasma fluorinated optical films were characterized by gravimetry, FTIR-ATR, contact angle of wetting, SEM and AFM. The surface fluorination of PMMA films can be inferred by the increase in contact angle under all experimental conditions, and confirmed with FTIR-ATR analysis. Gravimetry showed an increase of the fluorinated polymer layer over PMMA films, being 1.55 µm thick at 0.7 torr and 40 minutes of plasma exposure. The SEM analysis showed a well-defined layer of fluorinated polymer, with fluorine being detected in the EDS analysis. The film roughness for the fluorinated polymers was around of 200 Å, quite satisfactory for a 1.55 µm cladding.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of plasma fluorination variables on the deposition and growth of partially fluorinated polymer over PMMA films

Padilha¹,

Giacon²,

Bartoli³

2013

Polímeros

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“…Replacing the hydrogen atoms in C-H bond with deuterium and fluorine atoms leads to the minimization of the absorption band because of the decrease in the band vibration energy [11]. According to Imamura et al, the substitution of deuterium for hydrogen improves the transparency at 1.3 lm [12]. In the range of telecommunication wavelengths (1500-1600 nm), the transparency is increased by the replacement of a part of C-H bonds by C-F bonds [13], also providing refractive index tunability and a decrease in PMMAs sensitivity to moisture [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the range of telecommunication wavelengths (1500-1600 nm), the transparency is increased by the replacement of a part of C-H bonds by C-F bonds [13], also providing refractive index tunability and a decrease in PMMAs sensitivity to moisture [14]. This problem can be solved by already-designed polymers including deuterated fluoromethacrylates or polysiloxanes [12,15], fluorinated polyimides [14,16], and perfluorocyclobutane aromatic ether polymers [17]. Unfortunately, these polymers are relatively expensive for both consumer and end user.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copolymerization and thermal study of the new methacrylate derivative of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol

Demirci

Podkościelna

Bartnicki

et al. 2016

J Therm Anal Calorim

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In this study, 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl methacrylate (TClPhMA) was synthesized by the reaction of methacryloyl chloride with 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in the ice bath condition. The obtained monomer was extracted by chloroform and purified on a chromatography column. In order to confirm the chemical structure of the new compound, spectroscopic studies (ATR-FTIR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR and GC-MS) were undertaken. The obtained TClPhMA was copolymerized with commercially available monomers such as methyl methacrylate, styrene, 1,4-divinylbenzene and 2-hydroxymethyl methacrylate. The copolymers were obtained by bulk polymerization in which benzoyl peroxide was used as a free radical initiator. The thermal properties of the copolymers were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry.

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“…1, or mounted on top of it. Both the stripes and the slab are to be made of a Kerr material, possible choices being silicon-on-insulator (SOI) [14], polymers [15], or semiconductor heterostructures [16]. We also assume that the structure is designed so as to make the intrinsic modes in the stripe and slab waveguides polarized orthogonally to each other, thus ruling out the linear coupling between them.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Semidiscrete solitons in arrayed waveguide structures with Kerr nonlinearity

2008

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We construct families of optical semi-discrete composite solitons (SDCSs), with one or two independent propagation constants, supported by a planar slab waveguide, XPM-coupled to a periodic array of stripes. Both structures feature the cubic nonlinearity and support intrinsic modes with mutually orthogonal polarizations. We report three species of SDCSs, odd, even, and twisted ones, the first type being stable. Transverse motion of phase-tilted solitons, with potential applications to beam steering, is considered too.

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Polymer channel waveguides with low loss at 1.3 μm

Cited by 78 publications

References 4 publications

Effect of plasma fluorination variables on the deposition and growth of partially fluorinated polymer over PMMA films

Effect of plasma fluorination variables on the deposition and growth of partially fluorinated polymer over PMMA films

Copolymerization and thermal study of the new methacrylate derivative of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol

Semidiscrete solitons in arrayed waveguide structures with Kerr nonlinearity

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