Polymer derived ceramic aerogels

Vakifahmetoğlu, Çekdar; Semerci, Tugce; Gurlo, Aleksander; Sorarù, Gian Domenico

doi:10.1016/j.cossms.2021.100936

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 136 publications

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“…These factors illustrate the challenges toward complete infiltration and highlight the role of appropriate wetting and flow properties of the precursors. Standard viscosities of commercially available precursors are in the range of 0.1–0.5 Pa·s, , and surface tensions are between 15 and 45 mN/m. ,, A significant difficulty in evaluating infiltration efficiency based on these parameters is the nature of the infiltrated volume, which tends to be highly nonuniform in surface morphology (and often chemistry) and characterized by the continuously variable scale and geometry of its channel network. The natural inclination to use low molecular weight, low viscosity, and low surface tension precursors to address these challenges and achieve efficient infiltration can have detrimental effects during the subsequent thermal-treatment steps (e.g., poor ceramic yield).…”

Section: Processing Methodologies and Applications For Preceramic Pol...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such combined shaping and firing operations deliver high-performance ceramic fibers or complex ceramic shapes via additive manufacturing . PCPs and their polymer-derived ceramics (PDCs) are critical for fabricating high-performance ceramic fibers, composites, and components that will enable future high-speed flight, aerospace propulsion, automotive, and nuclear power applications. ,− Advancement in the field requires a multidisciplinary approach to improve upon existing preceramic polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in the Synthesis of Preceramic Polymers for the Formation of Silicon-Based and Ultrahigh-Temperature Non-Oxide Ceramics

et al. 2023

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Preceramic polymers (PCPs) are a group of specialty macromolecules that serve as precursors for generating inorganics, including ceramic carbides, nitrides, and borides. PCPs represent interesting synthetic challenges for chemists due to the elements incorporated into their structure. This group of polymers is also of interest to engineers as PCPs enable the processing of polymer-derived ceramic products including high-performance ceramic fibers and composites. These finished ceramic materials are of growing significance for applications that experience extreme operating environments (e.g., aerospace propulsion and high-speed atmospheric flight). This Review provides an overview of advances in the synthesis and postpolymerization modification of macromolecules forming nonoxide ceramics. These PCPs include polycarbosilanes, polysilanes, polysilazanes, and precursors for ultrahigh-temperature ceramics. Following our review of PCP synthetic chemistry, we provide examples of the application and processing of these polymers, including their use in fiber spinning, composite fabrication, and additive manufacturing. The principal objective of this Review is to provide a resource that bridges the disciplines of synthetic chemistry and ceramic engineering while providing both insights and inspiration for future collaborative work that will ultimately drive the PCP field forward.

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Section: Processing Methodologies and Applications For Preceramic Pol...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in the Synthesis of Preceramic Polymers for the Formation of Silicon-Based and Ultrahigh-Temperature Non-Oxide Ceramics

et al. 2023

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“…PDC aerogels are currently attractive prospects that have been the focus of numerous studies due to their low density and high porosity 35 . The 3D porous structures impart multiple internal scattering, further capturing, and attenuating microwaves 16,22 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23,[29][30][31][32][33][34] PDC aerogels are currently attractive prospects that have been the focus of numerous studies due to their low density and high porosity. 35 The 3D porous structures impart multiple internal scattering, further capturing, and attenuating microwaves. 16,22 For example, Zhao et al prepared polymer-derived SiOCN ceramic aerogels with a density of 0.19 g/cm 3 by hydrosilylation reaction, freeze-drying, and high-temperature pyrolysis processes, obtaining a minimal reflection loss (RL min ) of −42.0 dB at 12.5 GHz and a broad effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 6.6 GHz.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridged polysilsesquioxane‐derived SiOCN ceramic aerogels for microwave absorption

Shao

Ding

et al. 2022

J Am Ceram Soc.

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The development of high‐performance microwave absorption materials in harsh environment is highly desirable but challenging. Herein, lightweight silicon oxycarbonitride (SiOCN) ceramic aerogels were fabricated by the pyrolysis of bridged polysilsesquioxane aerogels, which was presynthesized by a sol–gel method followed by vacuum drying. The structural order and content of free carbon phase determined by pyrolysis temperature play a critical role in modulating the impedance matching and attenuation capacity. The as‐prepared SiOCN aerogel pyrolyzed at 1000°C achieves a minimal reflection loss of −64.2 dB at 8.96 GHz and a broad bandwidth of 5.4 GHz at a low thickness of 2.15 mm. The hierarchical pore structure, abundant heterogeneous amorphous SiOCN/free carbon interfaces, and conductive free carbon phase benefit the superior absorption performance by forming good impedance matching, multiple scattering, interface polarization, and conduction losses. This work provides an insight for the rational design of polymer‐derived ceramic aerogel‐based microwave absorption materials for potential application under extreme conditions such as high‐temperature and oxidation environments.

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“…Polymer-derived ceramics, PDCs, are novel multifunctional ceramics obtained from pyrolysis in a controlled atmosphere of preceramic polymers [35]. PDCs can be processed in different shapes including porous foams and aerogels [36,37]. PDCs have already been showcased for biomedical applications such as multidrug delivery systems [38,39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Printed SiOC(N) Ceramic Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Regeneration: Improved Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Yang

Kulkarni

Sorarù

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Bone tissue engineering has developed significantly in recent years as there has been increasing demand for bone substitutes due to trauma, cancer, arthritis, and infections. The scaffolds for bone regeneration need to be mechanically stable and have a 3D architecture with interconnected pores. With the advances in additive manufacturing technology, these requirements can be fulfilled by 3D printing scaffolds with controlled geometry and porosity using a low-cost multistep process. The scaffolds, however, must also be bioactive to promote the environment for the cells to regenerate into bone tissue. To determine if a low-cost 3D printing method for bespoke SiOC(N) porous structures can regenerate bone, these structures were tested for osteointegration potential by using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). This includes checking the general biocompatibilities under the osteogenic differentiation environment (cell proliferation and metabolism). Moreover, cell morphology was observed by confocal microscopy, and gene expressions on typical osteogenic markers at different stages for bone formation were determined by real-time PCR. The results of the study showed the pore size of the scaffolds had a significant impact on differentiation. A certain range of pore size could stimulate osteogenic differentiation, thus promoting bone regrowth and regeneration.

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Polymer derived ceramic aerogels

Cited by 25 publications

References 136 publications

Advances in the Synthesis of Preceramic Polymers for the Formation of Silicon-Based and Ultrahigh-Temperature Non-Oxide Ceramics

Advances in the Synthesis of Preceramic Polymers for the Formation of Silicon-Based and Ultrahigh-Temperature Non-Oxide Ceramics

Bridged polysilsesquioxane‐derived SiOCN ceramic aerogels for microwave absorption

3D Printed SiOC(N) Ceramic Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Regeneration: Improved Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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