Polymer/fuel interaction and properties of typical automotive fuel-system polymers exposed to methanol blended (M15) gasoline

Bawase, Moqtik; Chaudhari, Sushil M.; Thipse, S. S.

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2021.107141

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Bawase et al 17 studied the effect of methanol blended gasoline with several elastomers and pipeline polyamide, with the change in mechanical properties strongly correlated with the methanol concentration in the blend. Smith 18 confirmed this by observing the hydrolytic degradation of polyamide 11 upon exposure to methanol, causing the molecular weight to decrease and leading to mechanical failure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The compatibility of high‐density polyethylene piping and elastomers with the future fuel methanol

Zhang

Abdellah

Kentish

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary Methanol is an attractive hydrogen carrier that can assist the transition away from natural gas (NG) as a source of fuel. In this study, the compatibility of methanol with the existing plastic NG distribution network is investigated, focusing on high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) piping and associated elastomers. Poly(styrene‐co‐butadiene) (SBR), poly(acrylonitrile‐co‐butadiene) (NBR), and polytetrafluoroethylene were investigated, as they are the base polymers for many elastomer materials. Commercial elastomers that are used in the NG distribution network were also studied, to determine the impact of methanol on polymer additives. The methanol solubility and diffusion in HDPE and associated elastomers, as well as changes to the mechanical properties, were determined to evaluate the compatibility of methanol with these materials. Methanol had a considerably higher diffusion coefficient than methane in HDPE, leading to a permeability that was two orders of magnitude greater. The flexibility of HDPE piping reduced upon exposure to methanol, as demonstrated by a reduction in tensile strain. In contrast, the sorption of methanol into the SBR and NBR was orders of magnitude greater than HDPE, due to their rubbery structure. The additives in commercial elastomers were extensively leached during methanol immersion, leading to significantly compromised mechanical properties. Hence, existing HDPE pipelines are compatible for the transport of methanol, but elastomer materials will be localized points of methanol loss and failure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The compatibility of high‐density polyethylene piping and elastomers with the future fuel methanol

Zhang

Abdellah

Kentish

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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“…Compared to other semicrystalline materials, similar values are reported for fuels and oils. 6,7,49 For crude oil, there is a small difference in mass uptake with a lead for OL. 47 Usually, sorption tests in sticky and multi-compound liquid environments such as crude oil is not expected to be high.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compatibility study of high density polyethylene grade 80 gas pipe with synthetic polyglycol-based brake oil

Alimi,

Chaoui

2024

Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

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High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) is one attractive technical option for the transportation and distribution of natural gas and hydrocarbons given the advantages in long-term mechanical strength, lifespan, maintenance costs and resistance to chemical aging. This study investigates the compatibility of extruded pipe material from copolymerized HDPE-80 with DOT 3 brake fluid. Machined standard specimens from inner (IL) and outer (OL) pipe layers are aged in commercial synthetic polyglycol-based oil for 7 days at laboratory conditions. The percent mass changes are +2.2% and +1.9% respectively for IL and OL pipe surfaces. These results are in the same range of published sorption data for other oils and fuels. Stress-strain parameters (E, σ y, σ CD, σ f, ε y, Δ ε CD, ε f) and fracture work are established and thoroughly discussed for both pipe sides. For IL, the reduction of E, σ y and ε f are respectively 28.0%, 13.9% and 22.7%, while for OL they are 22.6%, 7.7% and 25.1%. Globally, it is concluded that strength properties degradation in DOT 3 oil is more important for IL compared to OL. There is an important loss of ductility for both pipe sides. Ageing caused IL crystallinity ( Xc) to increase while OL showed inverse results probably because of frozen anti-oxidants in the outer surface layers following water quenching during extrusion. Before and after ageing, the as-received OL is found to be more resilient to oxidation than corresponding IL, as higher OIT parameters are also shown in the case of crude oil compatibility investigations. DOT 3 brake oil seem to accelerate the degradation of HDPE-80 thermal stability with a higher intensity for IL.

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“…24 The size and distribution of crystalline regions are determinants of the tensile strength and the amorphous phase determines the elongation. 25 Fuel is absorbed more into the amorphous phase where the molecular chains are loosely arranged causing the degradation of polymer.…”

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure of thermoplastics to methanol–gasoline blends: A material compatibility study

Nandakrishnan¹,

Balakrishna²,

Nair

2022

Journal of Elastomers & Plastics

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Alcohols are increasingly being looked upon as the most viable alternative to the conventional sources of energy. Methanol is the first member of the alcohol family and can be easily synthesized from syngas. It is an attractive blend to gasoline due to its advantageous properties. There is a necessity to make sure that the infrastructure is ready to adapt these alternative fuels. Hence, the aim of this study is to assess the degradation of widely used thermoplastics in fuel tanks, pipes, and the fuel injection system, namely, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethyleneterephthalate (PET), and high density polyethylene (HDPE) post exposure to methanol–gasoline blends (P100, M15, and M30) for a period of 4, 10, and 30 days. The effects of the exposure were examined by comparing changes in gain/loss of mass, hardness, elongation, and tensile strength. The surface morphology changes of the polymeric coupons were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and their elemental analysis was done by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The studied materials were found to gain mass in the order HDPE > PTFE >PET. The decrease in hardness was found to be more in HDPE followed by PTFE and PET. PTFE and PET showed reduction in strength but an increase in tensile strength was observed for HDPE post exposure to fuel blend. Highest change in elongation was found in HDPE followed by PTFE and PET. The changes were found to be the least in P100 followed by M15 and maximum in M30 blends for all immersion periods.

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Polymer/fuel interaction and properties of typical automotive fuel-system polymers exposed to methanol blended (M15) gasoline

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

The compatibility of high‐density polyethylene piping and elastomers with the future fuel methanol

The compatibility of high‐density polyethylene piping and elastomers with the future fuel methanol

Compatibility study of high density polyethylene grade 80 gas pipe with synthetic polyglycol-based brake oil

Exposure of thermoplastics to methanol–gasoline blends: A material compatibility study

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