Polymeric Bionanocomposite Cast Thin Films with In Situ Laccase-Catalyzed Polymerization of Dopamine for Biosensing and Biofuel Cell Applications

Abstract

We report here on the facile preparation of polymer-enzyme-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) cast films accompanying in situ laccase (Lac)-catalyzed polymerization for electrochemical biosensing and biofuel cell applications. Lac-catalyzed polymerization of dopamine (DA) as a new substrate was examined in detail by UV-vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, quartz crystal microbalance, and scanning electron microscopy. Casting the aqueous mixture of DA, Lac and MWCNTs on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) yielded a robust polydopamine (PDA)-Lac-MWCNTs/GCE that can sense hydroquinone with 643 microA mM(-1) cm(-2) sensitivity and 20-nM detection limit (S/N = 3). The DA substrate yielded the best biosensing performance, as compared with aniline, o-phenylenediamine, or o-aminophenol as the substrate for similar Lac-catalyzed polymerization. Casting the aqueous mixture of DA, glucose oxidase (GOx), Lac, and MWCNTs on a Pt electrode yielded a robust PDA-GOx-Lac-MWCNTs/Pt electrode that exhibits glucose-detection sensitivity of 68.6 microA mM(-1) cm(-2). In addition, 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) diammonium salt (ABTS) was also coimmobilized to yield a PDA-Lac-MWCNTs-ABTS/GCE that can effectively catalyze the reduction of O(2), and it was successfully used as the biocathode of a membraneless glucose/O(2) biofuel cell (BFC) in pH 5.0 Britton-Robinson buffer. The proposed biomacromolecule-immobilization platform based on enzyme-catalyzed polymerization may be useful for preparing many other multifunctional polymeric bionanocomposites for wide applications.

Laccase biosensors based on different enzyme immobilization strategies for phenolic compounds determination

“…Accordingly, during the last years, numerous studies aimed at evaluating the antioxidant capacity of natural products, such as wines, teas and herbal infusions, have been reported. In particular, special attention has been paid to the development of new methodologies, such as amperometric biosensors based on tyrosinase, peroxidase or laccase enzymes, which can be employed as alternative methods for total polyphenolic content determination in foods [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Immobilization of laccase onto 1-aminopyrene functionalized carbon nanotubes and their electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction

“…Biocatalysts such as microorganisms or enzymes with high selectivity and catalytic efficiency have been extensively investigated for the construction of biofuel cells. Among them, laccase (Lac) as a well known multicopper oxidase, which can reduce oxygen into water in a fourelectron transfer step without intermediate formation of hydrogen peroxide, has been widely applied for the reduction of oxygen at the cathode of the enzyme-based biofuel cells [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Recently, enzyme-based biofuel cells have attracted considerable research attention because of their unique advantages such as corrosion-free electrolyte, low cost, good biocompatibility and more moderate temperature [29].…”

A Light‐Activated Microheater for the Remote Control of Enzymatic Catalysis

“…[17] Preparation methods for PDA include as olution-oxidation method, [18] an enzymatic-oxidation method, [19] and an electropolymerization method. [20] Of these, the solution-oxidation method is the most widely used and, therefore, was selected for this system.…”