Population Densities of Pest Aphids and their Associated Natural Enemies on Faba Bean in Kafr EL–Sheikh, Egypt

Mbega

et al. 2022

Insects

Field margins support important ecosystem services including natural pest regulation. We investigated the influence of field margins on the spatial and temporal distribution of natural enemies (NEs) of bean pests in smallholder farming systems. We sampled NEs from high and low plant diversity bean fields using sweep netting and coloured sticky traps, comparing monocropped and intercropped farms. NEs collected from within crops included predatory bugs, lacewings, predatory flies, parasitic flies, parasitic wasps, lady beetles, and a range of other predatory beetles; with the most dominant group being parasitic wasps. Overall, high plant diversity fields had a higher number of NEs than low-diversity fields, regardless of sampling methods. The field margin had a significantly higher number of lacewings, parasitic wasps, predatory bugs, syrphid flies, and other predatory beetles relative to the crop, but beneficial insects were collected throughout the fields. However, we observed marginally higher populations of NEs in intercropping than in monocropping although the effect was not significant in both low and high plant diversity fields. We recommend smallholder farmers protect the field margins for the added benefit of natural pest regulation in their fields.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Rich Field Margins Influence Natural Predators of Aphids More Than Intercropping in Common Bean

Mbega

et al. 2022

Insects

SVU-International Journal of Agricultural Sciences

“…The cowpea aphid, A. craccivora causes direct damage by sucking the plant sap followed by deformation and excreting large amount of honeydew that encourages the growth of sooty mould. Subsequently photosynthesis and vegetative growth of the infested plants decreased, which may induce plant deformation and indirect damage caused by transmission of viral diseases ability (Aly, 2014;El-Sarand et al, 2019;El-Defrawi et al, 2000 andKhodeir et al, 2020). It is essential to understand bio-ecology for A. craccivora, including population dynamics under various climatic conditions, affecting the varied phenological stages, in order to design an effective integrated pest management program against it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of certain weather factors and plant age on the population density of Aphis craccivora (Koch) on faba bean plants.

Mohamed

Allam

Mohamed

et al. 2021

Field studies were done on faba bean plants at the El-Mattana Agricultural Research Station in Luxor Governorate, Egypt, throughout two successive growing seasons (2019/20 and 2020/21) to investigate the seasonal activity of the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora (Koch) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) (Giza 843 cultivar). As well, estimate the effects of some climatic conditions and plant ages on the seasonal abundance of A. craccivora. In this study, two insect expressions were used, i.e., insect numbers and incidence of infestation, which articulated the population of this pest. Results indicated that A. craccivora infested faba bean plants from 21 st November 2019 to 12 th March 2020 during the first growing season and from 22 nd November 2020 to 13 th March 2021 through the second one. For the two growing seasons, the cumulative counts of A. craccivora were 321.48 and 340.66 individuals each season, respectively. Furthermore, the overall mean of A. craccivora population was 18.91 ± 0.92 and 20.04 ± 1.52 individuals per 10 plants, during the first and second growing seasons, respectively. As well, the general average of the percentages of abundance was 66.73 ± 1.60 and 58.43 ± 2.28 for the two seasons, respectively. Climatic conditions of weekly inspection dates were more favourable for A. craccivora to increase its population in November, January and February for the two seasons. Additionally, in two consecutive growing seasons, the number of A. craccivora disappeared during the faba bean maturation stage in end March. According to the findings, the combined impacts of environmental conditions and plant ages can explain changes in A. craccivora population density. The results revealed that the effects of weather conditions and plant ages on population density and infestation incidence percentages by A. craccivora were highly significant during the two seasons studied, and that these parameters varied from season to season. Also, the dew point and mean daily minimum temperature were the most effective variable for the changes in the insect population and the percentages of infestation incidences under the studied seasons. These information can aid in the development of an aphid IPM program for faba bean plants.

“…carnea. However, Khodeir et al[31] found the common predators were Ch. carnea (both larval and adult stages), C. undecimpunctata (both larval and adult stages), Orius sp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of harmful and beneficial insects on faba bean, Vicia faba L. in Assiut Governorate, Northern Upper Egypt

Mohamed,

Dahi,

Mahmoud

2023

Academia Biology

Faba bean, Vicia faba, is one of the main popular legume crops in the world. Their seeds are rich sources of proteins, carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins for human food and animal consumption. For these reasons, improving and increasing the cultivated area of faba beans are essentially needed to achieve self-sufficiency. Therefore, this study is focused on the diversity of harmful and beneficial insects on this crop in Assiut Governorate, Upper Egypt. The Survey of harmful and beneficial insects on faba bean crop registered 44 insect species (21 pests, 4 parasitoids, 11 predators, and 8 pollinators and visitors) belonging to 9 orders and 27 families. The most common pest species were green leafhopper, Empoasca decipiens (42.28%), followed by bean fly, Ophiomyia phaseoli (17.16%); American serpentine leaf miner, Liriomyza trifolii (16.45%); sugar beet fly, Pegomya mixta (9.20%); campyloma bug, Campylomma sp. (7.61%); and bean seed fly, Delia sp. (3.17%). Besides, four native parasitoid species were recorded (Chelonus sp., Opius nitidulator, Dirhinus excavatus, and Trichogramma sp.). The most abundant and predominant predators' species during the season were the eleven-spotted ladybird beetles, Coccinella undecimpunctata (44.27%) and Scymnusnubilus (35.5%). While, minute pirate bug, Orius insidiosus (6.51%) and common green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea (5.52%) were found in a moderate dominant. Moreover, honeybees, Apis mellifera were the main pollinators of this vital crop that was observed in high numbers through the growing season. Ultimately, this study will be essential for developing and improving the control technique of common insects in faba bean fields.