Population Study of Fears in Two Generations of Ukrainians

Abstract

Aim:Fear is an ancient natural reaction of a human being to a threat and it is also an adaptive feature. Obsessive fear can transfer into phobias, which lead to a clinical problem. In spite of many studies done on fear, many questions are yet not clarified. In the former Soviet Union, research on human behaviour traits was mostly tabooed. The current research will fill some gaps on the ‘behavioural map’ of Ukraine in relationship to fear distributions in two successive generations of residents of Ukraine.Subjects and Methods:Eight hundred and sixty-seven residents of Ukraine, predominantly residents of Kharkov and Kharkov region participated in the study. All participants were distributed into groups of younger and older generations. Twenty-four emotional states of fear have been studied by Ivleva-Shcherbatyh questionnaire, developed and validated in Slavs samples.Results:The population analysis of 24 types of fear has shown that sex differences were found mostly among members of the younger generation. The average value of sex differences from the amplitude trait of variation made up approximately 20%. More significant differences between members of different generations have been found in females. The age dynamics of fears within each generation has been detected.Conclusions:The population analysis of fears in Ukraine has demonstrated that the strongest fears independently of the generation were related to diseases of relatives and to problems in the case of diseases of relatives.

The effect of the essential oils of lavender and rosemary on the human short-term memory

“…[12][13][14][15][16] As shown by our previous studies, the Ukrainian population is polymorphic by the taste sensitivity 17 and is characterized by a peculiar sexual dimorphism and unique distribution of a number of behavioral characteristics. 18,19 It is expedient to study the possible effects of different factors, in particular the effect of essential oils, on cognitive features of the Ukrainian population previously unstudied in this respect. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of the essential oils of lavender and rosemary on characteristics of short-term image and numerical memory of secondary school students living in the modern Ukrainian cities.…”

More evidence or stronger political will: exploring the feasibility of needle and syringe programs in Ukrainian prisons

“…On the one hand, the interviewed prison staff admit to the existence of injecting drug use in prison. This can be considered as a sign of prison staff openness, which appeared as a result of prison reform started in 2016, the post-Revolution effect of liberalization, and an overall change of the social-political direction towards “western values” [ 66 – 68 ]. On the other hand, this “openness” can only partly be a result of the described processes, while another reason is that the discussed problems are not of an extraordinary nature and more of a routine for the prison staff.…”

Coping strategies of cancer patients in Ukraine

“…19 Financial ruin due to health problems and the expenditures associated with it are major fears for Ukrainians. 20 Satisfaction with the health care system is one of the lowest in the post-Soviet space. 21 As a result of financial and organizational barriers, the basic indexes of quality of treatment of cancer and early diagnostics in Ukraine are two to 2.5 times worse than in high-income countries.…”

“…De jure, still, Ukrainian citizens are constitutionally guaranteed free-of-charge health care services provided by state health care institutions, 42 although the declared policy objectives are not always supported by the available resources. 20,43 This, de facto, resulted in a shift of the financial burden to patients. 44,45 Health care users are charged for services, diagnostics, medicines, and health care goods.…”

“…Out‐of‐pocket expenditures constituted in 2015 almost the half of the total health expenditures, ie, 48% . Financial ruin due to health problems and the expenditures associated with it are major fears for Ukrainians . Satisfaction with the health care system is one of the lowest in the post‐Soviet space …”