Porcine enamel matrix derivative enhances the formation of reparative dentine and dentine bridges during wound healing of amputated rat molars

Abstract

We examined the biological effects of porcine enamel matrix derivative (EMD; Emdogain) on the formation of reparative dentine and dentine bridges in rat molars after pulp amputation. The pulp chambers of upper molars of Wistar rats were perforated and the amputated pulp surfaces were directly capped with either EMD or its carrier propylene glycol alginate (PGA) as control. The cavities were then restored with glass-ionomer cement. On post-amputation days 4-30, the dissected maxillae were examined by light and electron microscopy. In PGA-capped pulp, reparative dentine had been formed over the dentine walls under the prepared cavity on day 7 post-amputation and its thickness extended until day 30. On day 30, as well as reparative dentine formation, diffuse calcification had occurred beneath the amputated wound surfaces. Dentine bridge formation under the amputated coronal pulp surface was observed in 18.2% of amputated pulp on day 30. In EMD-capped pulp, reparative dentine had already been formed by odontoblast-like cells over the dentine walls, already on day 4 post-amputation, and its thickness extended until day 30. The Ca and P weight % and Ca/P ratio of reparative dentine matrix were similar to those of pre-existing dentine matrix, and these values were not different between PGA and EMD-capped pulp. Dentine bridge formation was observed in 27.3% of EMD-capped pulp on day 30. Our results suggest that EMD enhances the formation of both reparative dentine and dentine bridges during wound healing of amputated rat molar pulp.

Histologic Examination of Teeth with Necrotic Pulps and Periapical Lesions Treated with 2 Scaffolds: An Animal Investigation

“…Emdogain was applied to the canals of all the experimental groups. Emdogain was added because of its beneficial effects of providing a source of exogenous growth factors, stimulating odontoblast differentiation (17), and promoting dentin formation (36). Gelfoam was added to the blood clot group because of its hemostatic properties (18), its ability to promote proliferation and differentiation of SCAP (Diogenes et al, unpublished data), and its successful use in a previous pulp replacement study (15).…”

Root maturation and dentin–pulp response to enamel matrix derivative in pulpotomized permanent teeth

“…39,40 The formation of DB over the pulp has been considered as classic wound healing with a subsequent neogenesis of normal pulp tissues and then repair of dental pulp. 30,41 Unlike the primary or secondary dentin, the reparative dentin only formed as a response to various stimuli including dental procedure, caries, or attrition. When the cells forming the reparative dentin embedded in or lined the surface of tertiary dentin, the produced tissue is called osteodentin.…”

Clinical and Molecular Perspectives of Reparative Dentin Formation

“…In addition, EMD may also enhance dentin mineralization since osteoblast-like cells reportedly upregulate mineralization-inducing genes upon treatment with Emdogain 63 . In the context of pulp capping, EMD may facilitate formation of thicker reparative dentin barrier compared to CH, as was indeed proven in several animal studies 64,65 . However, with the limited number of human studies available, the efficacy of Emdogain is debatable in comparison to CH 66–68 .…”