Porous, Hyper-cross-linked, Three-Dimensional Polymer as Stable, High Rate Capability Electrode for Lithium-Ion Battery

Abstract

Organic materials containing active carbonyl groups have attracted considerable attention as electrodes in Li-ion batteries due to their reversible redox activity, ability to retain capacity, and, in addition, their ecofriendly nature. Introduction of porosity will help accommodate as well as store small ions and molecules reversibly. In the present work, we introduce a mesoporous triptycene-related, rigid network polymer with high specific surface area as an electrode material for rechargeable Li-ion battery. The designed polymer with a three-dimensional (3D), rigid porous network allows free movement of ions/electrolyte as well as helps in interacting with the active anhydride moieties (containing two carbonyl groups). Considerable intake of Li ions giving rise to very high specific capacity of 1100 mA h g at a discharge current of 50 mA g and ∼120 mA h g at a high discharge current of 3 A g are observed with excellent cyclability up to 1000 cycles. This remarkable rate capability, which is one of the highest among the reported organic porous polymers to date, makes the triptycene-related rigid 3D network a very good choice for Li-ion batteries and opens up a new method to design polymer-based electrode materials for metal-ion battery technology.

Molecular Design Strategies for Electrochemical Behavior of Aromatic Carbonyl Compounds in Organic and Aqueous Electrolytes

“…[100] As shown in Figure 4f, PA-10, PA-11, and PA-12 have a cyclic or triangular 3D structure imide. [100] As shown in Figure 4f, PA-10, PA-11, and PA-12 have a cyclic or triangular 3D structure imide.…”

Progress Report on Phase Separation in Polymer Solutions

“…Furthermore, thanks to alterable ultrahigh surface areas, PPM have been adopted for catalyst supports to increase the efficiency of chemical reactions [14,15] and for electrodes of lithium-ion battery to enhance the electrochemical performance. [16][17][18] PPM have also been exploited for energy storage devices, [19] fuel cells, [20] low-dielectric-constant materials, [21] photonic bandgap materials, [22,23] scaffolds for tissue engineering, [4] proton exchange membranes, [24,25] masks for nanopatterning or lithography, [26] antireflection coating, [27] and many other applications. In these high-value applications, the functionality, the reliability, and the durability of PPM crucially depend on the microstructural patterns resulting from different formation processes associated with diverse underlying mechanisms.…”

Conjugated Microporous Polytetra(2‐Thienyl)ethylene as High Performance Anode Material for Lithium‐ and Sodium‐Ion Batteries

“…Zhang et al reported a series triphenylamine based CMPs in LIBs with a high capacity of 97.6 mA h g −1 at 2000 mA g −1 . Mukherjee et al reported a 3D porous polymer containing carbonyl groups and obtained a high specific capacity of 1100 mA h g −1 at 50 mA g −1 for LIBs . Recently, we developed a series of thiophene‐based CMPs anode materials for LIBs, which exhibited high discharge capacity of 1215 mA h g −1 at 45 mA g −1 .…”