Positive Associations between Adipocyte Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Level and Central Arterial Stiffness in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Abstract

Background. Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) plays essential roles in lipolysis, insulin resistance, and atherosclerosis. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum A-FABP levels and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods. This study obtained fasting blood samples from 76 PD patients. A validated tonometry system was used to measure cfPWV. Patients with cfPWV values >10 m/s were classified into the high arterial stiffness group, whereas patients with values ≤10 m/s were classified into the low arterial stiffness group, according to the ESH-ESC 2013 guidelines. Serum A-FABP levels were measured using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Results. Twenty-five (32.9%) of the 76 PD patients were classified in the high arterial stiffness group. Compared with the patients in the low arterial stiffness group, the high arterial stiffness group was older ( P = 0.002) and had a longer PD vintage ( P = 0.011), higher diastolic blood pressure (DBP, P = 0.036), higher fasting glucose levels ( P = 0.012), higher serum C reactive protein levels ( P = 0.001), and higher serum A-FABP levels ( P < 0.001). A multivariate logistic regression analysis of the factors significantly associated with central arterial stiffness revealed that A-FABP (odds ratio (OR): 1.165, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.056–1.284, P = 0.002), age (OR: 1.423, 95% CI: 1.153–1.757, P = 0.001), PD vintage (OR: 1.049, 95% CI: 1.015–1.085, P = 0.005), and DBP (OR: 1.152, 95% CI: 1.033–1.285, P = 0.011) were independent predictors of central arterial stiffness in PD patients. Furthermore, serum A-FABP levels (β = 0.476, adjusted R2 change: 0.197, P < 0.001) were significantly positively correlated with cfPWV according to the multivariable forward stepwise linear regression analysis. Conclusions. A-FABP levels are an independent marker of central arterial stiffness in PD patients.

Association between Serum Adipocyte Fatty Acid Binding Protein Level and Endothelial Dysfunction in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients

“…Moreover, A-FABP was found to have an inhibitory role in the expression of insulin-mediated endothelial nitric oxide synthase and NO production by inhibiting the activation of insulin receptor substrate 1 and Akt [35]. In addition, mounting evidence has shown that serum A-FABP levels were associated with endothelial dysfunction, peripheral arterial disease, or arterial stiffness [18][19][20][21]36]. In patients with DM and kidney transplantation, circulating A-FABP levels were independently associated with endothelial dysfunction measured by reactive hyperemia index or VRI, respectively [18,36].…”

“…The clearance of dialysis was measured as the fractional clearance index for urea (Kt/V) and urea reduction ratio using a formal, single-compartment dialysis urea kinetic model. Serum A-FABP (SPI-BIO, Montigny le Bretonneux, France) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) levels were measured by a commercially available enzyme immunoassay or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit [18,20,21].…”

Adipokines and Arterial Stiffness in Obesity

“…Moreover, A-FABP was an independent predictor for the development of arterial stiffness [ 144 ]. Circulating A-FABP correlated with carotid–femoral PWV in patients on peritoneal dialysis [ 145 ] and with CAVI in kidney transplant patients [ 146 ] suggesting a large correlation between this adipokine and various arterial stiffness parameters, which could not only be explained by its involvement in insulin resistance and systemic inflammation.…”

FABP4 knockdown suppresses inflammation, apoptosis and extracellular matrix degradation in IL-1β-induced chondrocytes by activating PPARγ to regulate the NF-κB signaling pathway

“…Fatty acid binding protein (FABP) is a fat-binding protein present inside cells and is a member of the intracellular lipid-binding protein family (6), which consists of intracellular proteins with low molecular weight, 126-134 amino acid sequences and a strong affinity for long-chain fatty acids (7). FABP4 is a member of the FABP family, and is mainly expressed in mature adipocytes and macrophages, and is secreted by adipocytes in response to cAMP, thus playing a role in cellular lipid fluxes, metabolism and signaling (8).…”