Postacquisition injection of tetrodotoxin into the parabrachial nuclei elicits partial disruption of passive avoidance reaction in rats

Tassoni, Giovanna; Bucherelli, Corrado; Bureš, Jan

doi:10.1016/0163-1047(92)90605-4

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This procedure is advantageous, because the surgical trauma inherent to the permanent-cannulating procedure is avoided, thus restricting trauma to a single needle penetration (38). It has been shown that in this phase, general anesthesia does not negatively interfere with memory trace consolidation (38)(39)(40). TTX was locally injected at increasing postacquisition delays, and retention testing was always performed 72 and 96 h after TTX administration.…”

Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellar role in fear-conditioning consolidation

Sacchetti

Baldi

Lorenzini

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

213

193

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Some cerebellar structures are known to be involved in the memorization of several conditioned responses. The role of the interpositus nucleus (IN) and the vermis (VE) in fear-conditioning consolidation was investigated by means of a combined behavioral and neurophysiological technique. The IN and VE were subjected to fully reversible tetrodotoxin (TTX) inactivation during consolidation in adult male Wistar rats that underwent acoustic conditioned stimulus (CS) and context fear training. TTX was injected in different groups of rats at increasing intervals after the acquisition session. Memory was assessed as conditioned freezing duration measured during retention testing, always performed 72 and 96 h after the stereotaxic TTX administration. This schedule ensures that there is no interference with normal cerebellar function during either the acquisition or the retrieval phase so that any amnesic effect may be due only to consolidation disruption. Our results show that IN functional integrity is necessary for acoustic CS fear response memory formation up to the 96-h after-acquisition delay. VE functional integrity was shown to be necessary for memory formation of both context (up to the 96-h after-acquisition delay) and acoustic CS (up to the 192-h after-acquisition delay) fear responses. The present findings help to elucidate the role of the cerebellum in memory consolidation and better define the neural circuits involved in fear memories.

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Section: Methodological Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellar role in fear-conditioning consolidation

Sacchetti

Baldi

Lorenzini

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

213

193

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“…On the other hand, using the same experimental procedure a memory impairment followed the unilateral functional inactivation of parabrachial nuclei if the contralateral amygdala was contemporaneously inactivated by TTX. This result has been interpreted as indicating an ipsilateral linkage between these two sites (Tassoni et al, 1992b). This hypothesis is further supported by the finding that the effect of the ipsilateral inactivation of both sites is not greater than that following the isolated inactivation of either of them (Tassoni et al, 1992b).…”

Section: Parabrachial Nucleimentioning

confidence: 59%

“…This result has been interpreted as indicating an ipsilateral linkage between these two sites (Tassoni et al, 1992b). This hypothesis is further supported by the finding that the effect of the ipsilateral inactivation of both sites is not greater than that following the isolated inactivation of either of them (Tassoni et al, 1992b). The TTX inactivation technique was also employed to investigate the mnemonic role of parabrachial nuclei in other aversive paradigms, such as the conditioned taste aversion.…”

Section: Parabrachial Nucleimentioning

confidence: 77%

“…By means of bilateral TTX (10 ng in 1 l) inactivation in Long-Evans rats trained in a step-through passive avoidance response (footshock intensity: 1 mA, 5 s) it has been shown that this complex must be functionally intact for no less than 24 h in order to avoid retrograde amnesia. Unilateral inactivations were without effect (Tassoni, Bucherelli, & Bures, 1992b). On the other hand, using the same experimental procedure a memory impairment followed the unilateral functional inactivation of parabrachial nuclei if the contralateral amygdala was contemporaneously inactivated by TTX.…”

Section: Parabrachial Nucleimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural Topography and Chronology of Memory Consolidation: A Review of Functional Inactivation Findings

Lorenzini

Baldi

Bucherelli

et al. 1999

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

Self Cite

114

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“…The function of the PBN is relatively complicated. It is involved not only in gustatory functions [ 61 – 63 ] and autonomic regulatory processes [ 38 , 64 – 68 ] but also affective processes [ 69 – 71 ], particularly in the affective aspects of pain [ 5 , 38 , 72 , 73 ]. The information conveyed by the T-P pathways likely contributes more to the affective component of the pain experience than to the discriminative somatic sensation [ 39 , 74 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

VGLUT1 or VGLUT2 mRNA-positive neurons in spinal trigeminal nucleus provide collateral projections to both the thalamus and the parabrachial nucleus in rats

Zhang

et al. 2018

Mol Brain

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The trigemino-thalamic (T-T) and trigemino-parabrachial (T-P) pathways are strongly implicated in the sensory-discriminative and affective/emotional aspects of orofacial pain, respectively. These T-T and T-P projection fibers originate from the spinal trigeminal nucleus (Vsp). We previously determined that many vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT1 and/or VGLUT2) mRNA-positive neurons were distributed in the Vsp of the adult rat, and most of these neurons sent their axons to the thalamus or cerebellum. However, whether VGLUT1 or VGLUT2 mRNA-positive projection neurons exist that send their axons to both the thalamus and the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) has not been reported. Thus, in the present study, dual retrograde tract tracing was used in combination with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for VGLUT1 or VGLUT2 mRNA to identify the existence of VGLUT1 or VGLUT2 mRNA neurons that send collateral projections to both the thalamus and the PBN. Neurons in the Vsp that send collateral projections to both the thalamus and the PBN were mainly VGLUT2 mRNA-positive, with a proportion of 90.3%, 93.0% and 85.4% in the oral (Vo), interpolar (Vi) and caudal (Vc) subnucleus of the Vsp, respectively. Moreover, approximately 34.0% of the collateral projection neurons in the Vc showed Fos immunopositivity after injection of formalin into the lip, and parts of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-immunopositive axonal varicosities were in direct contact with the Vc collateral projection neurons. These results indicate that most collateral projection neurons in the Vsp, particularly in the Vc, which express mainly VGLUT2, may relay orofacial nociceptive information directly to the thalamus and PBN via axon collaterals.

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Postacquisition injection of tetrodotoxin into the parabrachial nuclei elicits partial disruption of passive avoidance reaction in rats

Cited by 23 publications

References 38 publications

Cerebellar role in fear-conditioning consolidation

Cerebellar role in fear-conditioning consolidation

Neural Topography and Chronology of Memory Consolidation: A Review of Functional Inactivation Findings

VGLUT1 or VGLUT2 mRNA-positive neurons in spinal trigeminal nucleus provide collateral projections to both the thalamus and the parabrachial nucleus in rats

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