Posttranslational Regulation of Circadian Clocks

Vanselow, Jens T.; Kramer, Achim

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1262-6_3

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…Post-translational modifications of clock components such as ubiquitination, acetylation and phosphorylation have critical functions in the mammalian circadian clock [21] . A basic transcriptional-translational feedback loop alone would operate only in a range of a few hours [48] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By regulating clock protein stability, activity, and/or subcellular localization, protein phosphorylation plays a crucial role in the maintenance of the 24-hour rhythm. Several clock components are subject to phosphorylation (reviewed in [21] ). Among the mammalian clock proteins, phosphorylation of the PER proteins appears to have a special importance for the dynamics of the circadian cycle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these modifications, protein phosphorylation plays a critical role. Most clock proteins can be phosphorylated at multiple sites to determine their stability, activity and subcellular localization (reviewed in [20] , [21] ). The clock component PER2 appears to be highly regulated by phosphorylation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protein Phosphatase 1 (PP1) Is a Post-Translational Regulator of the Mammalian Circadian Clock

et al. 2011

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Circadian clocks coordinate the timing of important biological processes. Interconnected transcriptional and post-translational feedback loops based on a set of clock genes generate and maintain these rhythms with a period of about 24 hours. Many clock proteins undergo circadian cycles of post-translational modifications. Among these modifications, protein phosphorylation plays an important role in regulating activity, stability and intracellular localization of clock components. Several protein kinases were characterized as regulators of the circadian clock. However, the function of protein phosphatases, which balance phosphorylation events, in the mammalian clock mechanism is less well understood. Here, we identify protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) as regulator of period and light-induced resetting of the mammalian circadian clock. Down-regulation of PP1 activity in cells by RNA interference and in vivo by expression of a specific inhibitor in the brain of mice tended to lengthen circadian period. Moreover, reduction of PP1 activity in the brain altered light-mediated clock resetting behavior in mice, enhancing the phase shifts in either direction. At the molecular level, diminished PP1 activity increased nuclear accumulation of the clock component PER2 in neurons. Hence, PP1, may reduce PER2 phosphorylation thereby influencing nuclear localization of this protein. This may at least partially influence period and phase shifting properties of the mammalian circadian clock.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protein Phosphatase 1 (PP1) Is a Post-Translational Regulator of the Mammalian Circadian Clock

et al. 2011

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“…Some of the clock genes encode transcriptional activators, whereas others encode negative feedback elements that inhibit their own expression by disrupting the activity of their activators. Meanwhile, kinases and phosphatases regulate the speed and precision of the clock [ 68 ]. Components of the oscillators receive environmental information through input pathways, allowing the oscillators to remain synchronized with the 24 h solar day.…”

Section: Circadian Clocks and Rosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Oxidative Stress, Circadian Rhythms, and AMD

Fanjul‐Moles

López-Riquelme

2015

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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This work reviews concepts regarding oxidative stress and the mechanisms by which endogenous and exogenous factors produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). It also surveys the relationships between oxidative stress, circadian rhythms, and retinal damage in humans, particularly those related to light and photodamage. In the first section, the production of ROS by different cell organelles and biomolecules and the antioxidant mechanisms that antagonize this damage are reviewed. The second section includes a brief review of circadian clocks and their relationship with the cellular redox state. In the third part of this work, the relationship between retinal damage and ROS is described. The last part of this work focuses on retinal degenerative pathology, age-related macular degeneration, and the relationships between this pathology, ROS, and light. Finally, the possible interactions between the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), circadian rhythms, and this pathology are discussed.

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“…Some of the clock genes encode transcription activators, while others encode negative elements that feedback to inhibit their own expression by disrupting the activity of the activators. Meanwhile, kinases and phosphatases regulate the speed and precision of the clock (12). Components of the oscillators receive environmental information through input pathways, allowing the oscillators to remain synchronized to the 24-h solar day.…”

Section: Circadian Clocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

ROS signaling pathways and biological rhythms: perspectives in crustaceans

Fanjul‐Moles¹

2013

Front Biosci

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This work reviews concepts regarding the endogenous circadian clock and the relationship between oxidative stress (OS), light and entrainment in different organisms including crustaceans, particularly crayfish. In the first section, the molecular control of circadian rhythms in invertebrates, particularly in Drosophila, is reviewed, and this model is contrasted with recent reports on the circadian genes and proteins in crayfish. Second, the redox mechanisms and signaling pathways that participate in the entrainment of the circadian clock in different organisms are reviewed. Finally, the light signals and transduction pathways involved in the entrainment of the circadian clock, specifically in relation to cryptochromes (CRYs) and their dual role in the circadian clock of different animal groups and their possible relationship to the circadian clock and redox mechanisms in crustaceans is discussed. The relationship between metabolism, ROS signals and transcription factors, such as HIF-1 alpha in crayfish, as well as the possibility that HIF-1 alpha participates in the regulation of circadian control genes (ccgs) in crustaceans is discussed.

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Posttranslational Regulation of Circadian Clocks

Cited by 7 publications

References 127 publications

Protein Phosphatase 1 (PP1) Is a Post-Translational Regulator of the Mammalian Circadian Clock

Protein Phosphatase 1 (PP1) Is a Post-Translational Regulator of the Mammalian Circadian Clock

Relationship between Oxidative Stress, Circadian Rhythms, and AMD

ROS signaling pathways and biological rhythms: perspectives in crustaceans

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