Potential of <i>Syzygium aromaticum</i> (Clove) Leaf Extract on Immune Proliferation Response in Balb/c Mice Infected with <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>

Abstract

Background and Objective: Syzygium aromaticum is an immunomodulator with the main active compound eugenol which can stimulate the function of lymphocyte proliferation and macrophage production. Lymphocytes play an important role for body protection against infection. This study aims to analyze the effect of S. aromaticum extract to increase proliferation of lymphocytes, lymphoblasts and macrophage production in Balb/c mice infected with Salmonella typhimurium. Methodology: Mice strain Balb/c were divided into 4 groups: treatment group infected with S. typhimurium and control group (without treatment) to tested the activity of peritoneal macrophages. The treatment group was administrated by S. aromaticum leaf extract (15 mg, 75 mg, 150 mg/kgbw) for 12 days. Results: S. aromaticum leaf extract increased the proliferation activity (p < 0.001) at dose of 15, 75, and 150 mg/kgbw, increased lymphocytes at dose 150 mg/kgbw (p < 0.05), increased the activity of macrophage ROI secretion at dose of 150 mg/kgbw (p < 0.05), and increased in lymphoblast (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Administration of S. aromaticum leaf extract increased the proliferation activity of lymphocytes, lymphoblasts and ROI secretion of macrophagesin Balb/c mice infected with S. typhimurium.

INVESTIGATION OF ACTIVE COMPOUND IN CLOVE (Syzygium aromaticum) EXTRAC AND COMPARED WITH INHIBITORS OF GROWTH OF SOME TYPES OF BACTERIA CAUSING FOOD POISONING

“…increased with the increasing of the concentration of the extract, these results were in agreement with results of many researches (8,23,27). It is found that the negative gram tested bacteria, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium were proportional in their response toward the treatments and shows a gradual increasing in inhibition zones with the rising of extract concentrations, these facts were in accord with some studies (21,32,33) as it shown in table (2). All tests in this study were done with 5 replications.…”

Effects of dietary turmeric and clove powder on growth and immune response of the Nile tilapia

“…Such a modulation that was resulted in the present study, could be due to the active constituents present especially curcumin in TP that has a powerful immunomodulatory action through its effect on antigen presentation, lymphoid cell populations, cytokine production (Varalakshmi et al, 2008;Sankar et al, 2010). Also, the eugenol in CBP can act as an enhancer to lymphocyte proliferation and macrophage production (Halder et al, 2011;Wael et al, 2018). The synergistic effect of both TP and CBP was more efficient in stimulating the fish immune response.…”

Dietary encapsulated essential oil mixture influence on apparent nutrient digestibility, serum metabolic profile, lymphocyte histochemistry and intestinal morphology of laying hens

“…However, the immunomodulatory effects of EOs is known, the mechanism of their biological action still remains obscure. Wael et al [14] have reported that Syzygium aromaticum leaf extract increased the proliferative activity of lymphocytes in Balb/c mice infected with Salmonella typhimurium.…”

“…Essential oils also have anti-inflammatory and immune-modulating properties, it was shown that clove oil, a major component of eugenol, increased humoral responses in human cell cultures [ 13 ]. Clove is also known as an immunomodulator that can induce lymphocyte proliferation and macrophage production [ 14 ]. Alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) demonstration has been widely used to differentiate T lymphocytes from B lymphocytes in some animal species, including chickens [ 15 ].…”