Potential of white garlic powder (<i>Allium sativum</i> L.) to modify <i>in vitro</i> ruminal fermentation

Abstract

The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of increasing doses of garlic powder (GaP) on in vitro fermentation characteristics. Two successive 24-hour incubations were run, and gas production was measured at the end of each incubation period. Liquid samplings for each dose were reserved to determine ammonia nitrogen (NH 3 -N) and true organic matter degradability (TOMD). Partitioning factor (PF) was estimated as the ratio between TOMD and the gas produced at 24 hours of incubation. Microbial biomass (MBM) was estimated on the bases of truly degraded substrate and PF. Results showed that gas production increased (P <0.001) with the addition of 32 and 64 mg GaP. An increase (P <0.0001) in NH 3 -N concentration was recorded with 4 mg and 8 mg GaP compared with control, whereas adding 32 and 64 mg resulted in a NH 3 -N concentration equivalent to control (averaged 39.25 mg/100 ml). The propionate (C3) increased with doses and the highest proportion was noted with the addition of 8 mg GaP (P <0.001). The TOMD was similar for all the doses except for 64 mg GaP, where a slight but significant (P <0.001) increase was noted (77.7%). GaP did not affect PF and MBM values until the dose of 64 mg. It was concluded that GaP added to a ration composed of 50% roughages and 50% concentrate did not result in drastic modifications of in vitro rumen fermentation parameters, except at the highest dose (64 mg), where an increase of gas production, TODM, PF and MBM were noted.

Impact of Incorporating Garlic or Cumin Powder in Lambs Ration on Nutrients Digestibility, Blood Constituents and Growth Performance

“…These results are in good agreement with similar observation that supplemental GAP had improved CP digestibility (Wanapat et al, 2008 a, b), DM and OM digestibility (Patra-Kamra et al, (2011) and Mirzaei et al, (2012). The results also reinforced by a recent study showed that dietary GAP supplementation increased (P < 0.05) in vitro digestibility of DM (Sahli et al, (2018). The significant improvement in nutrients digestibility noticed in the present study on lambs and reported by others (Zafarian and Manafi, 2013), may be referred as a result of GAP includes an oil containing organosulfur which could act as an antibacterial agent.…”

“…Similar effects of supplemental GAP on NH 3 -N were detected by Yang et al,. (2007), Kongmun et al, (2010) and Sahli et al, (2018). Ruminal NH3-N considered the most important nitrogen source for synthesis of microbial protein in the rumen (Wanapat and Pimpa, 1999).…”

“…Few studies have investigated the effects of garlic and cumin on feed intake, ruminal fermentation, digestion and performance in ruminants (Patil et al, 2017 andSahli et al, 2018). There is also little information on the optimum levels of these feed additives on practical on-farm options for significantly improving productivity.The objective of this study was to study the effect of dietary supplementation of garlic or cumin powder on nutrients digestibility, rumen liquor parameters, plasma biochemical indicators and growth performance of Barki lambs.…”

Effects of Feeding Garlic Powder on Growth Performance, Rumen Fermentation, and the Health Status of Lambs Infected by Gastrointestinal Nematodes

“…Rumen fermentation of ruminants would change after infection by GINs due to the complex interplay between GINs and host commensal flora [34]. Sahli et al (2018) did not find any changes in in vitro rumen fermentation by including garlic powder [14], while Busquet et al (2005a) revealed that garlic oil feeding decreased the molar proportion of acetate and increased the proportions of propionate and butyrate in an in vitro fermented system [35]. Our in vivo study found that dietary garlic powder supplementation increased total VFA content and the proportion of acetate, propionate, and isovalerate, but reduced the ratio of acetate to propionate.…”

“…Therefore, supplementing garlic powder, which contains all bioactive components and is prepared through simple steps, may be an alternative and practical strategy to deliver bioactive compounds to livestock. Furthermore, previous work conducted to examine the usefulness of garlic/garlic extract as a supplement in livestock production focused on growth performance [12], health [13], or in vitro rumen function [14]. For all we know, there is limited research investigating the supplementation of garlic powder or extract effect on sheep-infected GINs, which includes growth, digestion, rumen metabolism, and health status within one study.…”