Potential role of N-acetylcysteine on chlorpyrifos-induced neurotoxicity in rats

Mahmoud, Sahar M.; Moneim, Ahmed E. Abdel; Qayed, Marwa M; El-Yamany, Nabil A.

doi:10.1007/s11356-019-05366-w

Cited by 42 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Previous reports verified the involvement of oxidative stress in CPF-induced neuronal damage [42,43]. CPF enhances the overproduction of ROS and consequently triggers polyunsaturated lipid5 peroxidation in the brain and other tissues [12]. The elevation in the production of NO has been observed in the brain tissue in response to CPF treatment [25].…”

mentioning

confidence: 68%

“…The rats were allocated into four groups and gavaged with the respective treatments for 28 consecutive days once daily as follows: group 1 (control group) received physiological saline (0.9% NaCl); group 2 (CPF group) was administered 10 mg/kg CPF solution; group 3 (RBR group) was administered 300 mg/kg RBR dissolved in normal saline which contained 5% Tween20; and group 4 (RBR+CPF group) was administered 300 mg/kg RBR 1 hr before the administration of 10 mg/kg CPF. Rats of all the groups were decapitated swiftly 24 hr after the last dose based on the study conducted by Mahmoud et al [12]. The brain, liver, kidney, and testis samples were extracted immediately, and the cerebral cortex was dissected, whereas the liver, kidney, and testis samples were stored at -80°C for further investigations.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GPx together with GSH catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxides, whereas GR promotes the NADPH-driven conversion of GSSG to GSH [41]. A depletion of these antioxidant enzymes and molecules could be associated with an overwhelming accumulation of hydrogen peroxide that suppresses neuronal antioxidant defense systems [12]. The increase in the levels of the assessed prooxidants was accompanied by a decrease in the GSH content.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Red Beetroot Extract Abrogates Chlorpyrifos-Induced Cortical Damage in Rats

Albasher

Al-Saleh

Alkubaisi

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Organophosphorus insecticides including chlorpyrifos (CPF) are mainly used for agriculture, household, and military purposes; their application is associated with various adverse reactions in animals and humans. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential neuroprotective effect of red beetroot methanolic extract (RBR) against CPF-induced cortical damage. Twenty-eight adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups (n=7 in each group): the control group was administered physiological saline (0.9% NaCl), the CPF group was administered CPF (10 mg/kg), the RBR group was administered RBR (300 mg/kg), and the RBR+CPF group was treated with RBR (300 mg/kg) 1 hr before CPF (10 mg/kg) supplementation. All groups were treated for 28 days. Rats exposed to CPF exhibited a significant decrease in cortical acetylcholinesterase activity and brain-derived neurotrophic factor and a decrease in glial fibrillary acidic protein. CPF intoxication increased lipid peroxidation, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and nitric oxide production. This was accompanied by a decrease in glutathione content and in the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase in the cortical tissue. Additionally, CPF enhanced inflammatory response, indicated by increased levels and expression of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α. CPF triggered neuronal apoptosis by upregulating Bax and caspase-3 and downregulating Bcl-2. However, RBR reversed the induced neuronal alterations following CPF intoxication. Our findings suggest that RBR can minimize and prevent CPF neurotoxicity through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities.

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confidence: 68%

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Red Beetroot Extract Abrogates Chlorpyrifos-Induced Cortical Damage in Rats

Albasher

Al-Saleh

Alkubaisi

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…CPF has been reported to interfere with acetylcholinesterase (AchE) in central and peripheral nervous systems, allowing acetylcholine to accumulate in the synaptic cleft, resulting in uncontrolled cholinergic pathway activation and interrupting neuronal transmission [ 1 , 7 ]. Moreover, a growing body of research proposes that massive creation of damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) is another possible mechanism implicated in CPF-induced neurotoxicity [ 8 , 9 , 10 ]. Oxidative stress is known to cause potential injuries to the cellular biomolecules including lipids, membranes, proteins, and DNA, leading to mitochondrial perturbation and ultimately apoptosis [ 1 , 3 , 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Thymoquinone and Lycopene Mitigate the Chlorpyrifos-Induced Toxic Neuropathy

et al. 2021

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CPF (chlorpyrifos) is an organophosphate pesticide used in agricultural and veterinary applications. Our experiment aimed to explore the effects of thymoquinone (TQ) and/or lycopene (LP) against CPF-induced neurotoxicity. Wistar rats were categorized into seven groups: first group served as a control (corn oil only); second group, TQ (10 mg/kg); third group, LP (10 mg/kg); fourth group, CPF (10 mg/kg) and deemed as CPF toxic control; fifth group, TQ + CPF; sixth group, (LP + CPF); and seventh group, (TQ + LP + CPF). CPF intoxication inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AchE), decreased glutathione (GSH) content, and increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), an oxidative stress biomarker. Furthermore, CPF impaired the activity of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) along with enhancement of the level of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β. CPF evoked apoptosis in brain tissue. TQ or LP treatment of CPF-intoxicated rats greatly improved AchE activity, oxidative state, inflammatory responses, and cell death. Co-administration of TQ and LP showed better restoration than their sole treatment. In conclusion, TQ or LP supplementation may alleviate CPF-induced neuronal injury, most likely due to TQ or LPs’ antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects.

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“…Chlorpyrifos (O,O-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate, CPF) is a moderately persistent broad-spectrum organophosphorus pesticide extensively used in cultivation due to its effectiveness in insect and worm control. CPF principally acts as an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor [1]. AChE is found mainly at neuromuscular junctions and terminates neurotransmission of ACh.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nephroprotective Role ofBeta vulgarisL. Root Extract against Chlorpyrifos-Induced Renal Injury in Rats

Albasher

Almeer

Alarifi

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are widely used for agricultural and housekeeping purposes. Exposure to OPs is associated with the progression of several health issues. Antioxidant agents may be powerful candidates to minimise adverse reactions caused by OPs. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the nephroprotective effects of red beetroot extract (RBR) against chlorpyrifos- (CPF-) induced renal impairments. CPF induced kidney dysfunction, as demonstrated by changes in serum creatinine and urea levels. Moreover, CPF exposure induced oxidative stress in the kidneys as determined by increased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels, decreased glutathione content, decreased catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities, and decreased nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like-2 factor expression. In addition, CPF induced inflammation in renal tissue as evidenced by increased release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1β and upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase. Furthermore, CPF promoted cell death as demonstrated by decreased Bcl-2 and increased Bax and caspase-3 levels. Treatment with RBR one hour prior to CPF treatment blocked the effects observed in response to CPF alone. Our results suggest that RBR could be used to alleviate CPF-induced nephrotoxicity through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities.

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Potential role of N-acetylcysteine on chlorpyrifos-induced neurotoxicity in rats

Cited by 42 publications

References 61 publications

Red Beetroot Extract Abrogates Chlorpyrifos-Induced Cortical Damage in Rats

Red Beetroot Extract Abrogates Chlorpyrifos-Induced Cortical Damage in Rats

Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Thymoquinone and Lycopene Mitigate the Chlorpyrifos-Induced Toxic Neuropathy

Nephroprotective Role ofBeta vulgarisL. Root Extract against Chlorpyrifos-Induced Renal Injury in Rats

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