Potential Use of Hazelnut Husk in Recycled High-Density Polyethylene Composites

Abstract

Hazelnut husk was considered as a potential filler for thermoplastic composites. Different amounts of hazelnut husk flour and the recycled high-density polyethylene (R-HDPE) were used as the filler and polymer matrix, respectively. The composite compounds were produced using single-screw extrusion compounding, and then composite panels were prepared by hot-press compression molding. The morphological, physical, mechanical, and thermal properties, as well as the biological durability of the composites, were evaluated. The flexural and tensile modulus of the composites improved with increasing hazelnut husk filler content, whereas the physical properties, biological durability, and the flexural and tensile strengths were reduced. With the addition of a maleic anhydrite-grafted polyethylene (MAPE), the hazelnut husk filler was more finely dispersed within the polymer matrix and the degree of crystallinity was lower than that of the R-HDPE. This research revealed that hazelnut husk flour has potential for use as a filler in R-HDPE composites.

Bazı Tarımsal Atıklardan Üretilen Kompozitlerin Esmer Çürüklük Mantarı Fomitopsis Palustris’e Karşı Dayanımı

“…Bu çalışma, bazı tarımsal atıklardan elde edilen kompozitlerin esmer çürüklük mantarına (Fomitopsis palustris) karşı dayanıklılığını tespit etmek için yapılmıştır. Tarımsal atıkların plastik kompozitlere takviye elemanı olarak kullanıldığı birçok çalışma ve çürüklük testleri mevcuttur [5], [6], [7]. Ancak yonga levhaya takviye materyal olarak veya tamamen bu tarımsal atıklardan üretilerek çürüklük testleri G yapılan çalışmalar sınırlıdır.…”

Influence of wood thermal modification on the supermolecular structure of polypropylene composites

“…[28][29][30][36][37][38] Similar results were obtained by Tufan et al and by Wang et al who also noted an increase in the crystallinity of wood after heat treatment. [39,40] In many works paid special attention to issues related to strength properties, however, their results made a lot of controversy. On the one hand, a lot of the scientific papers confirm the positive effect of using this type of modification on mechanical properties.…”

“…Tufan et al noted that the thermal modification of wood significantly reduces tensile and flexural strength. [ 39 ] In addition, in the work of Yang et al, it turned out that the use of this type of modification in a wide temperature range did not cause a large difference in strength properties compared to systems with unmodified filler. [ 44 ] The results obtained by Xu et al indicated that the dimension stability improved while the mechanical properties decreased after thermal modification.…”

Analysis of Selected Properties of Biocomposites Based on Polyethylene with a Natural Origin Filler

“…According to the literature data, the lignocellulosic materials used as fillers are classified according to their origin and botanical functions, including bast, leaves, seeds, fruit, wood, stems and grasses [33,34]. Additionally, technological waste from the food industry can also be used, for example, crushed walnut shells [35,36], hazelnut [37] and peanut [36], coffee grounds [26], rice bran [36,38] and wheat [30,39] or sugar cane bagasse [40].…”