Potential users' key concerns and expectations for the adoption of cobots

Stress in manual and autonomous modes of collaboration with a cobot

“…Collaborative robots (cobots) are increasingly being used at work. These systems work side by side with humans, often share their workspaces and tasks, and will be an indispensable tool in different future organizations (Fast-Berglund, Palmkvist, Nyqvist, Ekered, & Åkerman, 2016;Kildal, Tellaeche, Fernández, & Maurtua, 2018;Simões, Lucas Soares, & Barros, 2019), thus transforming work processes in the industry (Seriani, Gallina, Scalera, & Lughi, 2018). Due to their safety-centered design, cobots can be appealing companions for tedious, repetitive, or physically straining tasks because they help to improve ergonomics, reduce risk factors, and offload demands on robotic agents (Kildal et al, 2018;Safeea et al, 2019).…”

Towards an optimal design of natural human interaction mechanisms for a service robot with ancillary way-finding capabilities in industrial environments

“…This profile provided the study with participants that had an up-to-date awareness of the new manufacturing technologies, first-hand experience in processes at manufacturing companies, plus an open-mind towards new technologies, a characteristic found in young prospective industry professionals (Kildal et al, 2018). However, the participants did not have any experience working with robots or naturally interacting with them.…”

Human–Co-Bot Interaction and Neuroergonomics: Co-Botic vs. Robotic Systems

“…Co-bots can be defined as novel technological manufacturing systems, which are able to work with a certain degree of dexterity and in conjunction with humans in the same physical workspace (Bauer et al, 2016 ), with no barriers, mainly aiming at improving efficiency, flexibility, and quality in the overall industrial process. Other possible appreciable dimensions are related to ergonomics and safety (Kildal et al, 2018 ), being the co-bot mostly responsible and employable for monotonous and unergonomic tasks. Regarding the safety, it must be pointed out that Industry 4.0 brings also emerging risks and challenges, which are related to the human performance (Brocal et al, 2019 ).…”