Poxvirus-Based Vaccine Platforms: Getting at Those Hard-To-Reach Places

Nino‐Fong, Rodolfo; Johnston, James B.

doi:10.2217/17460794.3.2.99

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…This multi-stage vaccine included: two sporozoites antigens, the CSP and the sporozoite surface protein 2 (PfSSP2); one from liver stage (LSA1); three from the erythrocytic stages (merozoite surface protein 1, serine repeat antigen, and an apical membrane antigen, AMA-1); and one sexual stage antigen (25-kDa Pfs25). While experimentally, the CSP, PfSSP2, MSP1, Pfs25 antigens elicited prominent specific cell mediated immune responses in humans the antibodies responses were poor [8] . Additionally, a vaccine based on a recombinant CSP, covalently bound to a purified Pseudomonas aeruginosa toxin (A9), was found to produce antibodies that prevent invasion of hepatocytes and a cellular response to enable the destruction of infected hepatocytes.…”

Section: Medical Parasitology Department Faculty Of Medicine Ain Shmentioning

confidence: 96%

What do we know about the malaria vaccines?

Azab

2019

Parasitologists United Journal

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Section: Medical Parasitology Department Faculty Of Medicine Ain Shmentioning

confidence: 96%

What do we know about the malaria vaccines?

Azab

2019

Parasitologists United Journal

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“…The multi-stage vaccine included: two sporozoites antigens, the circumsporozoite protein CSP and the sporozoite surface protein 2 (PfSSP2); one from the liver stage (LSA1); three from the erythrocytic stages (merozoite surface protein 1, serine repeat antigen, and an apical membrane antigen, AMA1); and one sexual stage antigen (25-kDa Pfs25). While experimentally, the CSP, PfSSP2, MSP1, Pfs25 antigens elicited prominent specific cell-mediated immune responses in humans, the antibody responses were poor [108].…”

Section: Several Candidates Have Recently Been Identifiedmentioning

confidence: 97%

Eradication of Malaria: Present Situations and New Strategies

Alsulami

2021

JPRI

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Malaria is a serious disease caused by the protozoon parasite Plasmodium and transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquito as a vector. P. falciparum is the gravest infection for all other species P. ovale, P. vivax, P. Malariae and P. knowlesi in terms of morbidity or mortality, which is why most research focused on P. falciparum. The disease affects about 300-500 million people, mostly in the tropics. In regions with a weak economic downturn in tropical and subtropical capital, morbidity and mortality have elevated. Malaria remains a persistent threat in recent research. At the beginning of the 20th century, scientists tried to describe a successful way of eradicating malaria. However, the presence of drug resistance and social and environmental problems, no acceptable and positive future solution has been pointed out. Several studies have highlighted the need to establish advanced nano-biotechnology treatment, novel anti-malarial drug targets, an efficient malaria vaccine technique, and Anopheles gene editing, which opened the door to a healthy, environmentally friendly malaria treatment method over the last two decades. In recent years, the use of mosquito microbiota has shown great potential for cutting down the transmission of mosquito-borne pathogens. This review aims to cover important issues in malarial eradication as rapid diagnostic technology, novel anti-malarial drug targets, Anopheles gene editing, use of mosquito microbiota, and recent vaccines.

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“…Therefore, the gene of interest can be cloned into designated expression vectors, together with suitable genetic elements [122,171]. The direct injection of such plasmid encoding the gene of interest confers sustained immune responses [172,173]. Despite the advantages, there are serious health concerns to both animals and meat consumers owing to the presence of an antibiotic-resistant gene contained in the vector backbones [8].…”

Section: Dna Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The historical events in vaccine developments didn't just begin with the initial inoculation of human skin with the material collected from cowpox pustules by Edward Jenner to protect humans against smallpox [120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129]172,173]. Rather, it can be traced back to the history of infectious diseases of the human and veterinary importance [129].…”

Section: Current Status Of Vaccines Development Against Orfv Infections 41 the Current State Of Orfv Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Strategies for Parapoxvirus: Current Status and Future Approaches for the Development of Vaccines against Orf Virus Infection

et al. 2021

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Orf virus (ORFV), the prototype species of the parapoxvirus genus, is the causative agent of contagious ecthyma, an extremely devastating skin disease of sheep, goats, and humans that causes enormous economic losses in livestock production. ORFV is known for its ability to repeatedly infect both previously infected and vaccinated sheep due to several immunomodulatory genes encoded by the virus that temporarily suppress host immunity. Therefore, the development of novel, safe and effective vaccines against ORFV infection is an important priority. Although, the commercially licensed live-attenuated vaccines have provided partial protection against ORFV infections, the attenuated viruses have been associated with major safety concerns. In addition to safety issues, the persistent reinfection of vaccinated animals warrants the need to investigate several factors that may affect vaccine efficacy. Perhaps, the reason for the failure of the vaccine is due to the long-term adaptation of the virus in tissue culture. In recent years, the development of vaccines against ORFV infection has achieved great success due to technological advances in recombinant DNA technologies, which have opened a pathway for the development of vaccine candidates that elicit robust immunity. In this review, we present current knowledge on immune responses elicited by ORFV, with particular attention to the effects of the viral immunomodulators on the host immune system. We also discuss the implications of strain variation for the development of rational vaccines. Finally, the review will also aim to demonstrate future strategies for the development of safe and efficient vaccines against ORFV infections.

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Poxvirus-Based Vaccine Platforms: Getting at Those Hard-To-Reach Places

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

What do we know about the malaria vaccines?

What do we know about the malaria vaccines?

Eradication of Malaria: Present Situations and New Strategies

Immunomodulatory Strategies for Parapoxvirus: Current Status and Future Approaches for the Development of Vaccines against Orf Virus Infection

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