Prebiotics from Marine Macroalgae for Human and Animal Health Applications

O’Sullivan, L.; Murphy, B.O.; McLoughlin, Peter; Duggan, P F; Lawlor, Peadar G.; Hughes, Helen; Gardiner, Gillian E.

doi:10.3390/md8072038

Cited by 354 publications

(228 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(113 reference statements)

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“…B. coagulans started gaining popularity as a probiotic in recent years due to its ability to form endospores, which are resistant to high heat (a common food processing treatment) and acidity of the stomach. As a result, the These results are consistent with previous studies that showed some pathogenic and commensal E. coli strains could metabolize FOS [36] [37] [38]. Interestingly, while there were no statistically significant differences in ΔOD 600 among the carbohydrate sources for ECN, the ΔOD 600 of non-probiotic E. coli ATCC 33876 was significantly lower in dextrose than in FOS or lactulose (p < 0.0001, Figure 1).…”

Section: Bacterial Growthsupporting

confidence: 82%

Comparative Analysis of Lactulose and Fructooligosaccharide on Growth Kinetics, Fermentation, and Antioxidant Activity of Common Probiotics

Lu¹,

Yeung²,

Yeung³

2018

FNS

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Prebiotics are non-digestible oligosaccharides that selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria in the human gut. Fructooligosaccharide (FOS) is a common prebiotic found in food products and infant formula. Lactulose is primarily used as a pharmaceutical ingredient but also shows potential prebiotic activities. Our objectives were to determine and compare the effects of FOS and lactulose on: 1) growth kinetics of common probiotics in aerobic condition; 2) pH and titratable acidity after fermentation; and 3) antioxidant capacity of the probiotics. Ten probiotic and two non-probiotic strains, representing genera Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Bacillus, and Escherichia were assembled. Media used for prebiotics experiment were modified to contain 2% FOS or lactulose as the sole or main carbohydrate source. All experiments were done in triplicate. In aerobic condition, most strains cultured with FOS or lactulose did not grow optimally compared to dextrose (a non-prebiotic), while all four Bifidobacterium spp. showed little growth regardless of the carbohydrate source. In anaerobic condition, lactulose and FOS fermentation of Bifidobacterium spp. yielded similar pH (p = 0.2723), but percent lactic acid, as determined by titratable acidity, was higher after lactulose fermentation (p = 0.0004). The non-probiotic strains were able to utilize both FOS and lactulose, but displayed weaker acid production and higher pH (p < 0.0001) relative to the probiotic strains. Antioxidant activity of spent medium was measured with Trolox as the reference standard. Overall, the antioxidant activity of probiotics was strain-dependent. In conclusion, lactulose supported growth activities of probiotics to a similar extent as FOS. Lactulose also stimulated higher acid production for Bifidobacterium spp. than FOS in anaerobic condition, thus it might be considered for incorporation into functional food products containing bifidobacteria.

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Section: Bacterial Growthsupporting

confidence: 82%

Comparative Analysis of Lactulose and Fructooligosaccharide on Growth Kinetics, Fermentation, and Antioxidant Activity of Common Probiotics

Lu¹,

Yeung²,

Yeung³

2018

FNS

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“…HiveAlive™ is HACCP controlled, its ingredients and process are EU approved, and the ingredients are generally regarded as safe (GRAS) establishing a high level of protection for animals and humans. Seaweeds are now routinely used in animal feeds for weight gain and general health, due to their vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and bio-active compounds (Brownlee, Fairclough, Hall, & Paxman, 2012;Fleurence, 1999;Holdt & Kraan, 2011;Kovač, Simeunović, Babić, Mišan, & Milovanović, 2013;Mayer & Hamann, 2004;Mayer, Rodriguez, Berlinck, & Hamann, 2007;O'Sullivan et al, 2010). Polysaccharide seaweed extracts have recently shown their potential to prevent or control nosema in honey bees (Roussel et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long term effects of a food supplement HiveAlive™ on honey bee colony strength and Nosema ceranae spore counts

Charistos¹,

Parashos²,

Hatjina³

2015

Journal of Apicultural Research

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The long term effect of HiveAlive™, a commercial food supplement, was evaluated with respect to colony population size and Nosema ceranae spore loads. The supplement was administered in sugar syrup at a dose of 2.5 ml per liter of syrup to up to 20 colonies per group for a period of 2 years. Its use before and after winter increased a colony's worker population size by 89% and reduced Nosema ceranae spores by 57% compared to control colonies. These results represent the first-known hive manipulation to have a lasting effect on nosema spore levels. The positive effect of HiveAlive™ may have been a result of its continued use over a two-year period.Efectos a largo plazo del suplemento alimenticio HiveAlive TM sobre la fuerza de las colonias de abejas y el recuentos de esporas de Nosema ceranae El efecto a largo plazo de HiveAlive™, un suplemento alimenticio comercial, se evaluó con respecto al tamaño de la població n de la colonia y la carga de esporas de Nosema ceranae. El suplemento se administró en jarabe de azúcar a una dosis de 2,5 ml por litro de jarabe hasta 20 colonias por grupo en un período de dos años. Su uso antes y después del invierno aumentó el tamaño de la població n de obreras de una colonia hasta en un 89% y redujo las esporas de Nosema ceranae en un 57% en comparació n con las colonias de control. Estos resultados representan la primera manipulació n de las colmenas con un efecto duradero sobre los niveles de esporas de Nosema. El efecto positivo de HiveAlive™ puede haber sido resultado de su uso continuado durante un período de dos años.

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“…Seaweed extracts have the ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation or to scavenge free radicals [29]. In vivo studies have confirmed the antioxidant abilities of seaweed extracts, as well [3,5,6,30], which has suggested their possible uses as phytopharmaceutical and/or nutraceuticals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Epidemiological research has been also suggested their positive effects on human health with an inverse correlation between the incidence of different diseases, related to oxidative stress and the consumption of seaweeds [24]. Others studies have also demonstrated the different therapeutic properties of these marine algae, which were verified in vitro as well as in vivo [3,4,25,26].…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%