Precise Point Positioning (PPP) using Low-Cost and Ultra-Low-Cost GNSS Receivers

Gill, Maninder Singh; Bisnath, Sunil; Aggrey, John; Seepersad, Garrett

doi:10.33012/2017.15123

Cited by 51 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…The results reveal that the C/N0 of smartphone measurements is about 9.4 dB-Hz lower with respect to the Javad receiver. These results are in line with the conclusions drawn by Zhang et al (2018a), Gill et al (2017) and Liu et al (2019) who showed that C/N0 of raw smartphone measurements are in general 7.5-10 dB-Hz lower comparing to the high-grade hardware. Figure 4 presents C/N0 values with respect to the satellite elevation angle.…”

Section: Satellite Signal Power Analysissupporting

confidence: 92%

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Signal characterization and assessment of code GNSS positioning with low-power consumption smartphones

2019

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It has been acknowledged that smartphone GNSS observations suffer not only from high measurement noise and multipath but also from anomalies such as duty cycling and gradual accumulation of phase errors. These phenomena importantly constrain the application of smartphone phase measurement to high-precision techniques such as RTK or PPP. Hence, we aim at a comprehensive characterization of smartphone signal quality, including carrier-to-noise density ratio, measurement noise and anomalies present in observables with the focus on the impact of duty-cycling mode. The analysis confirms the abnormal properties of smartphone measurements related to the divergence between code and phase data and poor quality of the latter. To address these limitations, the second objective is to assess the smartphone medium-to long-range code-based relative positioning. This task includes the validation of the weighting scheme suited for handling the low quality of smartphone observations. The results show that it is feasible to use a sparse countrywide GNSS network as reference stations for codebased relative positioning. Even with the baselines over 100 km, we can significantly enhance the positioning with respect to a stand-alone solution and reach the submeter level of horizontal coordinate accuracy. We have also noticed a discernible benefit from the C/N0-dependent weighting scheme, which is superior to the satellite elevation one.

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Section: Satellite Signal Power Analysissupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In such a case, it was likely to obtain centimeter-level accuracy. Gill et al (2017) analyzed single-frequency precise point positioning (PPP) and achieved the accuracy of several decimeters. To follow on that, an important study was recently conducted by Zhang et al (2018b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signal characterization and assessment of code GNSS positioning with low-power consumption smartphones

2019

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“…Precise positioning with Android devices has also been assessed by Gill et al (2017), Navarro-Gallardo et al (2017, Pirazzi et al (2017), and Zhang et al (2018). These studies draw similar conclusions about positioning performance and raw data characteristics as the above-mentioned studies.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Characterization of GNSS observations from a Nexus 9 Android tablet

Håkansson

2018

GPS Solut

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Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) raw data were made available in the application programming interface (API) starting from version 7.0 of the Android operating system. This opens possibilities for precise positioning with Android devices, as externally generated GNSS corrections can now be included in the positioning estimation in a convenient way. The Nexus 9 tablet is a good candidate for an early assessment of the raw GNSS observables and the corresponding derived precise positions, as it also supports many of the optional features and observation types presented by the API, including carrier phase observations which play an important role in many precise positioning techniques. It is known from the previous studies that poor handling of multipath in smartphones and tablets is a big challenge when it comes to precise GNSS positioning with these kinds of devices. Hence, this study assesses the raw GNSS observations and the calculated precise positions of the Nexus 9 tablet in two experimental setups with different multipath impacts. In addition, various biases of the observations are determined, some of which is not present on high-grade geodetic receivers. The analysis is done for GPS and GLONASS, which are supported by the Nexus 9 tablet. The study shows that multipath plays an important role for the expected accuracy of the calculated precise positions, both due to the induced error on the measurements, and due to loss of lock of the GNSS signals, which significantly affects precise positioning from carrier-phase measurements. Position accuracy ranges from just below 1 m to a few decimeters between the experimental setups with moderate and low levels of multipath respectively, for positioning based on carrier-phase observations. It is, furthermore, demonstrated that consideration of code inter-system biases and code inter-frequency biases of the Nexus 9 tablet are crucial for differential GNSS with multiple GNSS systems and when GLONASS observations are used in the positioning solutions. Besides these expected biases, also other less expected behaviors were discovered in the Nexus 9 GNSS observations, including various drifts for the code and phase observations. This study also proposes some strategies to handle these.

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“…The achieved accuracy of said receivers are now comparable with survey-grade receivers albeit with limitations. Some PPP and GNSS studies have already tested single-frequency [12,[16][17], dual-frequency [18], and triple-frequency [19] low-cost receivers that usually utilizes the GPS system and their results showed encouraging results. In this study, MADOCA-LEX was tested in a low-cost receiver, u-blox C099 ZED-F9P, and compared to the performance of survey-grade receivers in a post-processed solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Evaluation of Low-Cost and Real-Time Multi-GNSS Advanced Demonstration Tool for Orbit and Clock Analysis-Precise Point Positioning (MADOCA-PPP) Receiver Systems

Fredeluces

Lagura²,

Reyes

et al. 2020

AJET

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With Multi-GNSS Advanced Demonstration Tool for Orbit and Clock Analysis (MADOCA), a software estimator of precise satellite information, by JAXA, u-blox C099 ZED-F9P and MSJ-3008-GM4-QZS using MADOCA-PPP can be exploited in GNSS applications that require sub-decimeter accuracy without being costly. To evaluate their performance, convergence time and accuracy of solutions are compared to Trimble NetR9, a survey-grade receiver. Post-processed PPP solutions of ZED-F9P were computed using RTKLIB and real-time PPP was provided by the MSJ-3008-GM4-QZS. Results showed ZED-F9P achieved an RMS of 5.28 cm, 2.89 cm, and 9.55 cm in East, North, and Up directions. This means ZED-F9P can be used in applications requiring below 10 cm accuracy even without base station. MSJ-3008-GM4-QZS obtained an RMS of 10.45 cm, 6.27 cm, and 27.56 cm in the same directions. Unlike ZED-F9P, it achieved above 10 cm accuracy in North and Up directions which is due to large errors from cycle slips and jumps in observations. Interestingly, no fixed solutions were achieved between the 20:00 to 21:00 UTC period, although said receiver was able to receive corrections. However, if the observations after 20:00 UTC were removed, the MSJ-3008-GM4-QZS improved to 7.17 cm, 3.58 cm, and 22.32 cm in the same directions.

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Precise Point Positioning (PPP) using Low-Cost and Ultra-Low-Cost GNSS Receivers

Cited by 51 publications

References 0 publications

Signal characterization and assessment of code GNSS positioning with low-power consumption smartphones

Signal characterization and assessment of code GNSS positioning with low-power consumption smartphones

Characterization of GNSS observations from a Nexus 9 Android tablet

Performance Evaluation of Low-Cost and Real-Time Multi-GNSS Advanced Demonstration Tool for Orbit and Clock Analysis-Precise Point Positioning (MADOCA-PPP) Receiver Systems

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