Precisely Encoded Barcodes through the Structure‐Fluorescence Combinational Strategy: A Flexible, Robust, and Versatile Multiplexed Biodetection Platform with Ultrahigh Encoding Capacities

Abstract

With the rapid development of suspension array technology, microbeads‐based barcodes as the core element with sufficient encoding capacity are urgently required for high‐throughput multiplexed detection. Here, a novel structure‐fluorescence combinational encoding strategy is proposed for the first time to establish a barcode library with ultrahigh encoding capacities. Based on the never revealed transformability of the structural parameters (e.g., porosity and matrix component) of mesoporous microbeads into scattering signals in flow cytometry, the enlargement of codes number has been successfully realized in combination with two other fluorescent elements of fluorescein isothiocyanate isomer I (FITC) and quantum dots (QDs). The barcodes are constructed with precise architectures including FITC encapsulated within mesopores and magnetic nanoparticles as well as QDs immobilized on the outer surface to achieve the ultrahigh encoding level of 300 accompanied with superparamagnetism. To the best of knowledge, it is the highest record of single excitation laser‐based encoding capacity up to now. Moreover, a ten‐plexed tumor markers bioassay based on the tailored‐designed barcodes has been evaluated to confirm their feasibility and effectiveness, and the results indicate that the barcodes platform is a promising and robust tool for practical multiplexed biodetection.

Colorful Luminescent Magnetic Supraparticles: Expanding the Applicability, Information Capacity, and Security of Micrometer‐Scaled Identification Taggants by Dual‐Spectral Encoding

“…Strategies that utilize designed physicochemical material properties for the spectral encoding of information have come to the forefront as they promise to achieve a plethora of encoding options and a high level of ID security. [ 20–29 ] Lately, optically resolved signals, including UV–vis, [ 30–32 ] infrared, [ 33–35 ] surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), [ 36–38 ] and fluorescence, [ 22,23,27,28,39–54 ] are considered promising for ID applications, each coming with their own merits and shortcomings. However, as the requested product information and required security steadily increases, novel design strategies for (sub)micrometer‐scaled ID taggants are demanded that expand their capabilities.…”

Polarized Emission of Lanthanide Metal–Organic Framework (Ln‐MOF) Crystals for High‐Capacity Photonic Barcodes

“…Photonic barcodes based on micro/nanoscale materials with a small footprint and unique recognizability contribute significantly in information security. [1][2][3][4][5][6][14][15][16] The typical 1D barcodes store information by changing the widths and spacings of a series of black parallel lines. The fingerprint of our Eu-BTC crystals can be represented by their six sharp peaks and can be recognized by their PL spectra with specific intensity and peak location, similar to the identification of a commodity/product by a particular barcode.…”

“…Compared with traditional macroscopic barcodes, photonic barcodes using micro/nanoscale emissive materials hold great potential for broad applications in items tracking, multiplexed bioassays and information security. [1][2][3][4][5][6] The rapid-growing demand for high security level in anti-counterfeiting fields calls for micro/nanoscale barcodes with accurate identification and high encoding capacity. [7][8][9][10][11][12] Luminescent lanthanide metalorganic frameworks (Ln-MOFs) possess combined advantages in high capability of assembly into diverse micro/nanostructures, outstanding materials design and processability, as well as narrow and efficient light emission.…”

Generalized Analysis Approach of the Profile Roughness by Electron Microscopy with the Example of Hierarchically Grown Polystyrene–Iron Oxide–Silica Core–Shell–Shell Particles

“…[ 10–14 ] A very promising material combination for single particle‐based assays is achieved by merging the benefits of polystyrene (PS) and silica (SiO 2 ) particles in a core–shell particle format. [ 12,15,16 ]…”