Prediabetes and serum insulin levels

Abstract

Prediabetes remains a diagnostic dilemma. It refers to impaired glycaemic values without reaching the threshold for diagnosing diabetes mellitus. Prediabetes is an important risk factor for the development of diabetes mellitus, and it constitutes the stage during which microvascular and macrovascular complications are initiated. Early and accurate identification of this stage is the gold standard for prevention of diabetes and its consequences. Despite the multiplicity of diagnostic tests proposed for identification of this condition, a reliable test remains elusive. This article aims at reviewing the different available tests for diagnosis of prediabetes states with a focus on serum insulin levels. Insulin plays a major role in the pathophysiology and development of prediabetes. Different mechanisms of insulin resistance and insulin secretion are established in different subtypes of prediabetes. Therefore, fasting insulin level seems to be a reliable and promising tool for diagnosis and management of prediabetes.

Demodicosis Cutis and Metabolic Disturbances

“…The diagnostic criteria for DM include serum fasting glucose of over 7.0 mmol/l or serum glucose at the 120 th minute from the start of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) of over 11.1 mmol/l or levels of glycated haemoglobin of over 6.5%. In many cases, the condition is characterized by impaired glucose tolerance (Glucose Tolerance Disorder, GTD), serum fasting glucose of 5.6 to 6.9 mmol/l, or serum glucose at the 120 th minute from the start of an OGTT of from 7.8 to 11 Apart from this, a level of serum glucose at the 120 th minute from the start of an OGTT of 7.8 to 11 mmol/l is associated with increased mortality due to ASCVD [22,23,25,[46][47][48].…”

“…Another clinical laboratory criterion allowing a diagnosis of prediabetes is the fasting level of serum insulin. It is of signifi cance that the treatment of prediabetes is conducted mainly using a change in the type of diet and level of physical activity and, very rarely, through the using medication [25].…”

“…On the other hand, data about the link between CD and prediabetes and diabetes is sparse [45]. For this reason, we investigated the association between CD with impaired glucose tolerance, defi ned as insulin resistance with a HOMA-IR index of over 2.7, prediabetes (with fasting glucose of 5.6 to 7 mmol/l or at the 120 th minute from the start of an oral glucose tolerance test of 7.8 to 11.0 mmol/l), and diabetes (with values for fasting glucose of over 7 mmol/l or at the 120 th from the start of an oral glucose tolerance test of over 11.0 mmol/l) [21][22][23][24][25].…”

“…Metabolic markers linked to dyslipidemia were chosen because of the proven association with rosacea. 21 Impaired glucose tolerance was defi ned as insulin resistance accompanied by a HOMA-IR index of over 2.7, as well as prediabetes (with fasting blood glucose (BG) being between 5.6 and 7 mmol/l or at the 120th minute of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT, between 7.8 and 11.0 mmol/l) and diabetes (with values for fasting BG being over 7 mmol/l or at the 120 th minute of a glucose tolerance test a value above 11.0 mmol/l) [21][22][23][24][25].…”

Physical Activity Levels And Junk Food Intake Among School Going Adolescents In A North Indian City

“…The PAQ-C is time and moneyeffective, simple to administer to huge populations, and has characteristics of a normal distribution. [14] The physical activity level was determined according to the mean scale of the nine items [15] as shown in Table 1.…”