Predicted Increases in Incidence of Colorectal Cancer in Developed and Developing Regions, in Association With Ageing Populations

Tsoi, Kelvin K.F.; Hirai, Hoyee W.; Chan, Felix C.H.; Griffiths, Siân; Sung, Joseph J.Y.

doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2016.09.155

Cited by 50 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The increase in CRC cases in the last 30 years is attributed to environmental factors, especially changes in lifestyle [2] (low physical activity, poor diet, obesity, smoking), and aging of the population [3]. CRC screening has been adopted in many Western countries (opportunistic or population-based).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal Cancer Screening: What Is the Population's Opinion

Teixeira

Martins

Trabulo

et al. 2017

GE Port J Gastroenterol

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Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the first cause of death by cancer in Portugal and mortality has been increasing in the last 30 years. Materials and Methods: During a raising awareness campaign performed by our Gastroenterology Department, in Setúbal, Portugal, an anonymous written questionnaire was developed and presented in order to evaluate the population's knowledge and attitude regarding CRC screening. Results: The following results were reported: 140 persons; mean age 54.6 years; 61.4% women; 22.1% had a family history of colorectal cancer. The main risk factors mentioned by the respondents were family history of CRC, previous history of intestinal polyps, and intestinal infection. Screening was considered useful by all respondents. About 60% of the respondents had been counselled, at least, on one screening technique, mainly by their general practitioner: colonoscopy in 31, fecal occult blood test in 44, and flexible sigmoidoscopy in 9. Most of the respondents had had the appropriate screening test, according to their age and family history. Fourteen of the respondents had not undergone the recommended screening. Their answers showed that this was due to fear of pain/discovering a disease as well as embarrassment. Conclusion: Although themajority of the respondents were aware of the importance of CRC screening, results show that there are still several misconceptions about risk factors, fear, and reluctance concerning the screening techniques. Awareness actions are useful to clarify possible questions and inform the population in order to increase compliance with screening.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal Cancer Screening: What Is the Population's Opinion

Teixeira

Martins

Trabulo

et al. 2017

GE Port J Gastroenterol

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“…People with age-related visceral obesity have an increased cancer risk (Kreger, Splansky, & Schatzkin, 1991), including colorectal cancer (CRC) (Pais, Silaghi, Silaghi, Rusu, & Dumitrascu, 2009). CRC occurs more commonly in older individuals (Tsoi, Hirai, Chan, Griffiths, & Sung, 2017) and is the third most frequent type of cancer diagnosed worldwide and the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death (Ferlay, Bray, Pisani, & Parkin, 2002). Obesity-related insulin resistance linked to diet leads to CRC through the growth-promoting effect of elevated levels of insulin, glucose and/or triglycerides (Bruce, Wolever, & Giacca, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acarbose improved survival for Apc^+/Min mice

Dodds¹,

Parihar²,

Javors³

et al. 2020

Aging Cell

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Acarbose blocks the digestion of complex carbohydrates, and the NIA Intervention Testing Program (ITP) found that it improved survival when fed to mice. Yet, we do not know if lifespan extension was caused by its effect on metabolism with regard to the soma or cancer suppression. Cancer caused death for ~80% of ITP mice. The ITP found rapamycin, an inhibitor to the pro-growth mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1) pathway, improved survival and it suppressed tumors in Apc +/Min mice providing a plausible rationale to ask if acarbose had a similar effect.Apc +/Min is a mouse model prone to intestinal polyposis and a mimic of familial adenomatous polyposis in people. Polyp-associated anemia contributed to their death. To address this knowledge gap, we fed two doses of acarbose to Apc +/Min mice. Acarbose improved median survival at both doses. A cross-sectional analysis was performed next. At both doses, ACA fed mice exhibited reduced intestinal crypt depth, weight loss despite increased food consumption and reduced postprandial blood glucose and plasma insulin, indicative of improved insulin sensitivity. Dose-independent and dosedependent compensatory liver responses were observed for AMPK and mTORC1 activities, respectively. Only mice fed the high dose diet exhibited reductions in tumor number with higher hematocrits. Because low-dose acarbose improved lifespan but failed to reduced tumors, its effects seem to be independent of cancer. These data implicate the importance of improved carbohydrate metabolism on survival. K E Y W O R D Sacarbose, cancer, longevity, polyposis

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“…Colorectal cancer (CRC), a cancer that affects the colon, rectum, or appendix, is the third most common malignant disease in the world and the second most common cancer type in the United States (El-Shami et al, 2015), Europe, and Poland (Witold et al, 2018) in addition to being a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. With the exception of the United States, the incidence of CRC in most regions of the world is expected to increase continuously in the coming decades, due to population growth and changes in the demographic structure (Tsoi et al, 2017). Importantly, the trend toward a higher incidence of CRC primarily occurs among young adults (Austin et al, 2014), which may have a large impact on the working population and thus have a negative impact on the development of human society.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytocin Inhibition of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer by Suppressing the Expression of Fibroblast Activation Protein-α

Chen

et al. 2019

Front. Neurosci.

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Oxytocin (OXT) and its receptor (OXTR) are present in the gastrointestinal system and are involved in gastrointestinal tumorigenesis. However, the effect of OXTR signaling on the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its underlying mechanisms remain unexplored. To address these issues, we first examined the expressions of OXT, OXTR, and several cancer-associated proteins using colon "tissue chips" from a spectrum of malignant progression of the colon, which included normal colon tissue, chronic colitis, colorectal adenoma, and colorectal adenocarcinoma (CAC). The results showed that the expressions of OXT and OXTR decreased gradually with the malignant progression of the disease. Stimulation of CAC tissues with OXT increased OXTR expression while down-regulated FAPα and CCL-2 protein expressions in a concentration-and timedependent manner. Moreover, cell invasion experiment showed that OXT treatment reduced the invasion ability of colon cancer cells and blocking OXTR with atosiban blocked OXT-reduced invasion ability of human colon cancer cell lines Ls174T and SW480. The results indicate that OXT has the potential to inhibit CRC development via down-regulating the immunosuppressive proteins FAPα and CCL-2. When the OXTR signaling is weakened, colon tissues may transform to CRC. These findings also highlight the possibility of applying OXT to inhibit CRC development directly.

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Predicted Increases in Incidence of Colorectal Cancer in Developed and Developing Regions, in Association With Ageing Populations

Cited by 50 publications

References 28 publications

Colorectal Cancer Screening: What Is the Population's Opinion

Colorectal Cancer Screening: What Is the Population's Opinion

Acarbose improved survival for Apc^+/Min mice

Oxytocin Inhibition of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer by Suppressing the Expression of Fibroblast Activation Protein-α

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Predicted Increases in Incidence of Colorectal Cancer in Developed and Developing Regions, in Association With Ageing Populations

Cited by 50 publications

References 28 publications

Colorectal Cancer Screening: What Is the Population's Opinion

Colorectal Cancer Screening: What Is the Population's Opinion

Acarbose improved survival for Apc+/Min mice

Oxytocin Inhibition of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer by Suppressing the Expression of Fibroblast Activation Protein-α

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Acarbose improved survival for Apc^+/Min mice