Predicting bicycle setup for children based on anthropometrics and comfort

Grainger, Karl; Dodson, Zoe; Korff, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2016.09.015

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…If there is a correlation between the anthropometric measures and reach, this would allow for the determination of a regression equation that will help identify the fit window for postural reach. This equation would provide the fitters with a better starting point for determining reach than what currently amounts to an educated guess 11 . If found, this correlation could allow for improved fit, comfort, and possibly help improve the link between fit and non-traumatic stress injuries.…”

Section: Research Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is similar to the findings of Grainger, Dodson, and Korff 11 , though they also found a correlation with trunk length, which this study failed to find. It should be noted that the authors were examining children 11 . The only other study that examined anthropometrics of the upper extremity length was conducted by Baino 21 , who did not determine that a correlation existed.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The only other study that has examined the relationship between the anthropometric measures of upper extremity and the trunk and postural reach also found there to be a correlation for both the upper extremity and the trunk length measures 11 . The authors were also able to develop a regression equation to describe the reach component in the fitting process 11 . As previously noted, the study was completed using children whose anthropometric measures relationships do differ with stages of maturation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%

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Comparing Traditional and Novel Methods in Determining Reach in Bicycle Fitting

Williams¹

2021

ijsshr

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In bicycle fitting, the literature has focus historically on the saddle height and knee flexion angle. There has been little focus in the literature on postural reach; this is the distance between the saddle and handlebars. Currently, this distance is determined by a specialist, a bicycle fitter, and is generally based on a trunk, shoulder, and elbow angle; however, it is primarily based on what "looks right" to the fitter and "feels right" to the client, rather than using anthropometric measurement. This study examined whether there was a relationship between anthropometric measures and postural reach, or if ideal fit should continue to be determined by a trial-and-error process, informed by expert opinion and client feedback. This study found that there was a moderate correlation r(9) = 0.663, p < .05 between the upper extremity measure and postural reach and a fair correlation r(9)= 0.296, p < .05 between the trunk measure and postural reach. A significant regression was found between the upper extremity length and the postural reach F(1, 9) = 7.06. The finding of this study does suggest that there is a relationship between the anthropometric measures and the postural reach. However, due to the low number of data points,the external validity may be somewhat limited, and it is suggested that the study be only used as a guide for future exploration.

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Section: Research Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evaluation Of the Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 90%

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Comparing Traditional and Novel Methods in Determining Reach in Bicycle Fitting

Williams¹

2021

ijsshr

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“…The order of the cycling trials, HR matched and VO2 matched, was randomized. Each participant was fitted to the bike based on the recommendations of Grainger, Dodson, & Korff (2017).…”

Section: Cyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical evaluation of walking and cycling in children

Greca

Ryan

Baltzopoulos

et al. 2019

Journal of Biomechanics

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Physical activity in children is important as it leads to healthy growth due to physiological benefits. However, a physiological benefit can be partially negated by excessive or unphysiological loads within the joints. To gain an initial understanding into this, the present study sought to compare joint loading between walking and cycling in children. With institutional ethical approval, 14 pre-pubertal children aged 8-12 walked on an instrumented treadmill and cycled on a stationary ergometer. Two methods were used to match physiological load. Cardiovascular loads between walking and cycling were matched using heart rate.Metabolic load was normalised by matching estimates of oxygen consumption. Joint reaction forces during cycling and walking as well as joint moments were derived using inverse dynamics. Peak compressive forces were greater on the knees and ankles during walking than during cycling. Peak shear peak forces at the knee and ankle were also significantly larger during walking than during cycling, independent of how physiological load was normalised.For both cycling conditions, ankle moments were significantly smaller during cycling than walking. No differences were found for knee moments. At equivalent physiological intensities, cycling results in less joint loading than walking. It can be speculated that for certain populations and under certain conditions cycling might be a more suitable mode of exercise than weight bearing activities to achieve a given metabolic load.

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“…Altogether, the review revealed that no investigation has been done to understand the connection between rider's physical and motorcycle design attributes (like comfortable riding position). However, Grainger et al 21 investigated the association between the anthropometry and comfortable posture (joint angles)/position of two-wheelers (bicycle) riders using multiple regression analysis. Though the regression model was moderate (R 2 \ 0.4), they established a significant relationship between comfortable posture joint angle (like torso angle, arm angle, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the association of riders’ physical attributes with comfortable riding posture and optimal riding position

Muthiah

Singh

Karmakar

2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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In recent years, there has been a keen interest in the design improvisation of motorcycles. However, the theoretical model of association between motorcycle design attributes (like frame size/riding position) and rider’s physical attributes (like anthropometry, range of motion (ROM), and comfort joint angles) are not well established. This study aims to estimate the relationship between rider’s physical attributes and motorcycle design attributes. During this experimental study, the data was collected from 120 motorcyclists (aged between 19 and 44 years) belonging to 20 major states of India. A test-rig was fabricated to obtain the perceived comfort posture and position data using image processing technique. The anthropometry and ROM were manually measured and verified by reliability testing. The principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple linear regression were used to reduce the set of variables and estimate the relationship between 10 comfortable riding position and joint angles (as dependent variables), and the reduced set of 29 anthropometry and 20 ROM measurements (as the independent variables). These results indicate that the comfort joint angles and riding position were significantly associated with the anthropometrics and ROM of the riders. Highly significant regression models were formulated to examine the relationship between the comfort joint angles/riding position and the anthropometrics and ROM of the riders. The findings may support the motorcycle designers to design a comfortable motorcycle complying with Indian anthropometry and ROM.

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Predicting bicycle setup for children based on anthropometrics and comfort

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

Comparing Traditional and Novel Methods in Determining Reach in Bicycle Fitting

Comparing Traditional and Novel Methods in Determining Reach in Bicycle Fitting

Biomechanical evaluation of walking and cycling in children

Exploring the association of riders’ physical attributes with comfortable riding posture and optimal riding position

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