Predicting facies architecture through sequence stratigraphy—An example from the Kaiparowits Plateau, Utah

Shanley, Keith W.; McCabe, Peter J.

doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1991)019<0742:pfatss>2.3.co;2

Cited by 163 publications

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“…This could have implications for the interpretation of fluvio-deltaic successions elsewhere and challenges views in sequence stratigraphic studies (e.g. Posamentier et al, 1988;Shanley & McCabe, 1991), in which relative sea-level rise is emphasised as the main control on the creation of fluviodeltaic successions.…”

Section: Discussion: Relative Influence Of External Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Architecture of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta (the Netherlands) - A result of changing external controls

Gouw

Erkens

2007

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

130

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The Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta is formed under the influence of sea-level rise, tectonics, and variations in discharge and sediment supply. This paper aims to determine the relative importance of these external controls to improve our understanding of the evolution of the Rhine-Meuse fluvio-deltaic system. To do this, the geological and lithological composition of the fluvio-deltaic wedge has to be known in detail, both in space and time. This study presents five cross-valley sections in the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta, based on almost 2000 shallow borings. Over 130 14C dates provide detailed time control and are used to draw time lines in the sections. Distinct spatio-temporal trends in the composition of the Holocene fluvio-deltaic wedge were found. In the upstream delta, the Holocene succession is characterised by stacked channel belts encased in clastic flood basin deposits through which several palaeo-A-horizon levels are traceable. In a downstream direction, the fluvio-deltaic wedge thickens from 3 to 7 m. The Holocene succession in the downstream cross sections formed from <8000 cal yr BP onwards and is characterised by single channel belts encased in organic flood basin deposits. The main part of the organic beds accumulated between 6000 and 3000 cal yr BP. After 3000 cal yr BP, clastic deposition dominated throughout the delta, indicating an increase in the area of clastic sedimentation. The Holocene fluvio-deltaic wedge is subdivided into three segments based on the relative importance of eustatic sea-level rise, subsidence, and upstream controls (discharge and sediment supply). Before 5000 cal yr BP, eustatic sea-level rise controlled the build-up of the wedge. After eustatic sea-level rise ceased, subsidence was dominant from 5000 to 3000 cal yr BP. From 3000 cal yr BP onwards, increased sediment supply and discharge from the hinterland controlled the formation of the fluvio-deltaic wedge. A significant part of the present-day Rhine-Meuse fluvio-deltaic wedge aggraded after eustatic sea-level rise ceased. We therefore conclude that external controls other than eustatic sea-level rise were also of major importance for the formation of the fluvio-deltaic wedge. Because this is probably true for other aggrading fluvial systems at continental margins as well, all external controls should be addressed to when interpreting (ancient) fluvio-deltaic successions.

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Section: Discussion: Relative Influence Of External Controlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Architecture of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta (the Netherlands) - A result of changing external controls

Gouw

Erkens

2007

Netherlands Journal of Geosciences

130

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“…by marine base-level fluctuations (Shanley and McCabe, 1991, 1993, 1994Shanley et al, 1992;Posamentier and Allen, 1999;Blum and Törnqvist, 2000;Catuneanu, 2006;Holbrook et al, 2006).…”

Section: Nonmarine Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach has the advantage that maximum flooding surfaces are typically among the easiest sequence stratigraphic surfaces to distinguish in all marine depositional systems, and with virtually any type of data set. Criteria for mapping maximum flooding surfaces in the downstream-controlled portion of fluvial systems are also available (e.g., Shanley and McCabe, 1991, 1993, 1994Shanley et al, 1992;Hamilton and Tadros, 1994). Another advantage with this approach is that the definition of genetic stratigraphic sequences is independent of subaerial unconformities, and, implicitly, of base-level fall.…”

Section: Genetic Stratigraphic Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards the standardization of sequence stratigraphy

Catuneanu

Abreu

Bhattacharya

et al. 2009

Earth-Science Reviews

1,274

726

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Part of the Earth Sciences CommonsThis Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska -Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Papers in the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska -Lincoln. AbstractSequence stratigraphy emphasizes facies relationships and stratal architecture within a chronological framework. Despite its wide use, sequence stratigraphy has yet to be included in any stratigraphic code or guide. This lack of standardization reflects the existence of competing approaches (or models) and confusing or even conflicting terminology. Standardization of sequence stratigraphy requires the definition of the fundamental model-independent concepts, units, bounding surfaces and workflow that outline the foundation of the method. A standardized scheme needs to be sufficiently broad to encompass all possible choices of approach, rather than being limited to a single approach or model.A sequence stratigraphic framework includes genetic units that result from the interplay of accommodation and sedimentation (i.e., forced regressive, lowstand and highstand normal regressive, and transgressive), which are bounded by "sequence stratigraphic" surfaces. Each genetic unit is defined by specific stratal stacking patterns and bounding surfaces, and consists of a tract of correlatable depositional systems (i.e., a "systems tract"). The mappability of systems tracts and sequence stratigraphic surfaces depends on depositional setting and the types of data available for analysis. It is this high degree of variability in the precise expression of sequence stratigraphic units and bounding surfaces that requires the adoption of a methodology that is sufficiently flexible that it can accommodate the range of likely expressions. The integration of outcrop, core, well-log and seismic data affords the optimal approach to the application of sequence stratigraphy. Missing insights from one set of data or another may limit the "resolution" of the sequence stratigraphic interpretation. 1 2 c a t u n e a n u e t a l . i n e a r t h -science r e v i e w s 92 (2009)

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“…3a). SMAKS depositional tracts largely correspond with the 'facies tracts' of several authors (e.g., Shanley & McCabe 1991;Gardner et al 1992;Howell et al 2008), and with the 'zones' of Vakarelov & Ainsworth (2013). Although depositional tracts are loosely defined in terms of genetic significance, they are particularly convenient for performing database filtering on environmental criteria, and represent useful containers of data that find application in reservoir-modelling practice (cf.…”

Section: Smaks Depositional Tractsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Shallow-Marine Architecture Knowledge Store: A database for the characterization of shallow-marine and paralic depositional systems

Colombera

Mountney

Hodgson

et al. 2016

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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The Shallow-Marine Architecture Knowledge Store (SMAKS) is a relational database devised for the storage of hard and soft data on the sedimentary architecture of ancient shallow-marine and paralic siliciclastic successions, and on the geomorphological organization of corresponding modern environments. The database allows incorporation of data from the published literature, which are uploaded to a common standard to ensure consistency in data definition. The database incorporates data on geological entities of varied nature and scale (i.e., surfaces, depositional tracts, architectural elements, sequence stratigraphic units, facies units, geomorphic elements), including attributes that characterize their type, geometry, spatial relations, hierarchical relations, and temporal significance. Furthermore, geological entities are assigned to depositional systems, or to parts thereof, that can be classified on multiple parameters (e.g., shelf width, delta catchment area) tied to metadata (e.g., data types, data sources).The SMAKS permits the quantitative characterization of modern and ancient shallow-marine and paralic clastic depositional systems. It aims to serves as a repository of analogue information for hydrocarbon-bearing successions, and as a research tool, applicable to aid the development of facies models or to assess the sensitivity of depositional systems to particular controlling factors, for example.To demonstrate the wide applicability of the database in fields of both fundamental and applied research, example database output is presented that (i) includes data from wave-, tide-, and fluvial-dominated shallow seas and sedimentary successions, and (ii) covers a wide depositional spectrum, from backshore to shelf-edge settings. The examples include information on the facies organization of different types of paralic sub-environments, on the hierarchical arrangement of architectural elements that form deltaic constructional units in Quaternary deltas, on the morphometry of modern and Quaternary tidal sand ridges, and on the geometry of parasequence-scale nearshore sandstone belts from the Upper Cretaceous of the Western Interior Seaway in Utah (USA).

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Predicting facies architecture through sequence stratigraphy—An example from the Kaiparowits Plateau, Utah

Cited by 163 publications

References 0 publications

Architecture of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta (the Netherlands) - A result of changing external controls

Architecture of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta (the Netherlands) - A result of changing external controls

Towards the standardization of sequence stratigraphy

The Shallow-Marine Architecture Knowledge Store: A database for the characterization of shallow-marine and paralic depositional systems

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